AP US History Flashcards: Contextualizing Period 6

What this deck covers

This deck focuses on Contextualizing Period 6, giving you a quick way to review the definitions, rules, and examples that matter most for AP US History.

How to use these flashcards

Work through these flashcards in short sessions. Try to answer each prompt before flipping the card, then revisit any cards you miss until the explanation feels automatic.

Flashcard 1: Who was the steel industry magnate known for his philanthropy?

Answer: Andrew Carnegie. Built vertical integration empire and donated wealth.

Flashcard 2: Which economic policy aimed to increase the money supply by introducing silver?

Answer: Free Silver Movement. Aimed to inflate currency and help farmers with debts.

Flashcard 3: What was the main goal of the Knights of Labor?

Answer: Advocate for labor rights and social reforms. Included unskilled workers and promoted broad social change.

Flashcard 4: What was the goal of the Temperance Movement?

Answer: Prohibit alcohol consumption. Social reform movement linking alcohol to societal problems.

Flashcard 5: Which act aimed to assimilate Native Americans through land allotment?

Answer: Dawes Act. Broke up tribal lands to encourage individual farming.

Flashcard 6: What was the main goal of the Populist Party?

Answer: Advocate for farmers and laborers. Promoted economic and political reforms for rural Americans.

Flashcard 7: Identify the legislation that aimed to break up monopolies.

Answer: Sherman Antitrust Act. First major federal antitrust legislation in 1890.

Flashcard 8: Identify the economic downturn that began in 1893.

Answer: Panic of 1893. Severe economic depression triggered by bank failures.

Flashcard 9: What was the central issue of the Homestead Strike of 1892?

Answer: Labor dispute over wage cuts. Carnegie Steel Company conflict over union recognition.

Flashcard 10: What was the primary cause of the Haymarket Riot of 1886?

Answer: Labor protest rally turned violent. Police bombing during labor demonstration sparked anti-union sentiment.

Flashcard 11: What was the main goal of the Knights of Labor?

Answer: Advocate for labor rights and social reforms. Included unskilled workers and promoted broad social change.

Flashcard 12: Identify the author of 'The Souls of Black Folk'.

Answer: W.E.B. Du Bois. Promoted intellectual development and civil rights activism.

Flashcard 13: What act prohibited Chinese labor immigration in 1882?

Answer: Chinese Exclusion Act. First law to restrict immigration based on race and nationality.

Flashcard 14: What was the main focus of the Granger Movement?

Answer: Regulate railway and grain elevator rates. Farmers organized to combat railroad monopoly pricing.

Flashcard 15: Who was the oil industry magnate of the Gilded Age?

Answer: John D. Rockefeller. Built Standard Oil monopoly through horizontal integration.

Flashcard 16: What was the primary goal of the Farmers' Alliance?

Answer: Advance agricultural interests. Cooperative organization addressing rural economic challenges.

Flashcard 17: What was the main cause of the Pullman Strike of 1894?

Answer: Wage cuts and high rent in company town. Economic hardship led to nationwide railroad strike.

Flashcard 18: What was the primary effect of the McKinley Tariff of 1890?

Answer: Increased duties on imported goods. Protected domestic industries through high import taxes.

Flashcard 19: Identify the landmark Supreme Court case that upheld racial segregation.

Answer: Plessy v. Ferguson. Established 'separate but equal' doctrine in 1896.

Flashcard 20: What was the purpose of the Interstate Commerce Act of 1887?

Answer: Regulate railroad rates and practices. First federal law to regulate private industry.

Flashcard 21: What was the primary aim of the Dawes Act of 1887?

Answer: Assimilate Native Americans into American culture. Divided tribal lands into individual plots for farming.

Flashcard 22: Which political leader was known for the 'Cross of Gold' speech?

Answer: William Jennings Bryan. Advocated free silver coinage against gold standard.

Flashcard 23: Identify the legislation that aimed to break up monopolies.

Answer: Sherman Antitrust Act. First major federal antitrust legislation in 1890.

Flashcard 24: Who led the American Railway Union during the Pullman Strike?

Answer: Eugene V. Debs. Socialist leader who opposed federal intervention in labor disputes.

Flashcard 25: What was the central issue of the Homestead Strike of 1892?

Answer: Labor dispute over wage cuts. Carnegie Steel Company conflict over union recognition.

Flashcard 26: What was the purpose of the Interstate Commerce Act of 1887?

Answer: Regulate railroad rates and practices. First federal law to regulate private industry.

Flashcard 27: Identify the economic policy known as 'bimetallism'.

Answer: Use of both gold and silver as currency. Two-metal monetary standard to increase money supply.

Flashcard 28: What was the main objective of the Sherman Silver Purchase Act?

Answer: Increase silver coinage. Required government purchase of silver for monetary expansion.

Flashcard 29: Which political leader was known for the 'Cross of Gold' speech?

Answer: William Jennings Bryan. Advocated free silver coinage against gold standard.

Flashcard 30: Identify the author of 'How the Other Half Lives'.

Answer: Jacob Riis. Exposed urban poverty through photography and journalism.

Flashcard 31: What major labor event occurred at the Homestead Steel Works?

Answer: Homestead Strike. Violent confrontation between workers and private security.

Flashcard 32: Which law established the Civil Service Commission?

Answer: Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act. Reformed federal hiring from patronage to merit-based system.

Flashcard 33: Who was the founder of Hull House in Chicago?

Answer: Jane Addams. Pioneer of the settlement house movement for urban poor.

Flashcard 34: Identify the landmark Supreme Court case that upheld racial segregation.

Answer: Plessy v. Ferguson. Established 'separate but equal' doctrine in 1896.

Flashcard 35: What was the primary cause of the Haymarket Riot of 1886?

Answer: Labor protest rally turned violent. Police bombing during labor demonstration sparked anti-union sentiment.

Flashcard 36: Which amendment granted citizenship to all persons born in the U.S.?

Answer: 14th Amendment. Established birthright citizenship and equal protection.

Flashcard 37: Identify the economic theory advocating minimal government interference.

Answer: Laissez-faire. French for 'let do' - free market without regulation.

Flashcard 38: Identify the labor union founded by Samuel Gompers in 1886.

Answer: American Federation of Labor (AFL). Focused on skilled workers and practical economic gains.

Flashcard 39: Identify the economic policy known as 'bimetallism'.

Answer: Use of both gold and silver as currency. Two-metal monetary standard to increase money supply.

Flashcard 40: Identify the economic downturn that began in 1893.

Answer: Panic of 1893. Severe economic depression triggered by bank failures.

Flashcard 41: Identify the labor union founded by Samuel Gompers in 1886.

Answer: American Federation of Labor (AFL). Focused on skilled workers and practical economic gains.

Flashcard 42: Identify the author of 'How the Other Half Lives'.

Answer: Jacob Riis. Exposed urban poverty through photography and journalism.

Flashcard 43: What was the primary aim of the Dawes Act of 1887?

Answer: Assimilate Native Americans into American culture. Divided tribal lands into individual plots for farming.

Flashcard 44: Who was the leading figure of the American steel industry?

Answer: Andrew Carnegie. Dominated steel production through vertical integration.

Flashcard 45: What was the central theme of the Social Gospel movement?

Answer: Apply Christian ethics to social problems. Applied religious principles to address industrial inequalities.

Flashcard 46: What was the primary focus of the New South movement?

Answer: Industrialization of the Southern economy. Post-Civil War effort to modernize and diversify the Southern economy.

Flashcard 47: What was the primary focus of the New South movement?

Answer: Industrialization of the Southern economy. Post-Civil War effort to modernize and diversify the Southern economy.

Flashcard 48: What was the main cause of the Pullman Strike of 1894?

Answer: Wage cuts and high rent in company town. Economic hardship led to nationwide railroad strike.

Flashcard 49: What was the goal of the Temperance Movement?

Answer: Prohibit alcohol consumption. Social reform movement linking alcohol to societal problems.

Flashcard 50: What act prohibited Chinese labor immigration in 1882?

Answer: Chinese Exclusion Act. First law to restrict immigration based on race and nationality.

Flashcard 51: Which innovation did Alexander Graham Bell patent in 1876?

Answer: Telephone. Revolutionary communication device connecting distant locations.

Flashcard 52: Who was the founder of Hull House in Chicago?

Answer: Jane Addams. Pioneer of the settlement house movement for urban poor.

Flashcard 53: Who coined the term 'Gilded Age' for this period?

Answer: Mark Twain. Satirized the era's wealth disparity and corruption.

Flashcard 54: Who was the steel industry magnate known for his philanthropy?

Answer: Andrew Carnegie. Built vertical integration empire and donated wealth.

Flashcard 55: Who led the American Railway Union during the Pullman Strike?

Answer: Eugene V. Debs. Socialist leader who opposed federal intervention in labor disputes.

Flashcard 56: Which law established the Civil Service Commission?

Answer: Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act. Reformed federal hiring from patronage to merit-based system.

Flashcard 57: Which economic policy aimed to increase the money supply by introducing silver?

Answer: Free Silver Movement. Aimed to inflate currency and help farmers with debts.

Flashcard 58: What was the main goal of the Populist Party?

Answer: Advocate for farmers and laborers. Promoted economic and political reforms for rural Americans.

Flashcard 59: What was the main objective of the Sherman Silver Purchase Act?

Answer: Increase silver coinage. Required government purchase of silver for monetary expansion.

Flashcard 60: Identify the economic theory advocating minimal government interference.

Answer: Laissez-faire. French for 'let do' - free market without regulation.

Flashcard 61: Which innovation did Alexander Graham Bell patent in 1876?

Answer: Telephone. Revolutionary communication device connecting distant locations.

Flashcard 62: Who coined the term 'Gilded Age' for this period?

Answer: Mark Twain. Satirized the era's wealth disparity and corruption.

Flashcard 63: Who was the oil industry magnate of the Gilded Age?

Answer: John D. Rockefeller. Built Standard Oil monopoly through horizontal integration.

Flashcard 64: Identify the author of 'The Souls of Black Folk'.

Answer: W.E.B. Du Bois. Promoted intellectual development and civil rights activism.