Columbian Exchange Practice Test

After 1492, European powers established colonies that exported cash crops such as sugar and tobacco. These crops were produced largely for distant markets, and their cultivation relied on coerced labor systems that expanded over time. The resulting Atlantic economy connected producers, shippers, financiers, and consumers across multiple continents. Which concept best describes this pattern of producing agricultural goods primarily for export to global markets?

A colonial diary from the 1500s reports that European settlers struggled to grow familiar crops at first but succeeded after importing wheat, grapes, and olive trees; the writer also notes Indigenous foods like maize remained important. Which statement best captures this Columbian Exchange dynamic?