Conversational French Quiz: Recognizing Question Forms
20 questions · exam conditions
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Recognizing Question FormsQuestion 1 of 20

Sophie téléphone à son amie Lucie : « Salut ! Je voulais te dire que j'ai trouvé un super appartement ! Il y a deux chambres, une grande cuisine, et la vue est magnifique. Le propriétaire est très sympa aussi. Je peux emménager dès la semaine prochaine si je veux. »

Lucie wants to visit Sophie's potential new place. Based on the information NOT provided in Sophie's description, which question form would be most essential for Lucie to ask?

Comment est la vue de ton appartement ?
Combien de chambres y a-t-il dans l'appartement ?
Où se trouve exactement cet appartement ?
Quand peux-tu emménager dans cet appartement ?
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Conversational French Quiz

Conversational French Quiz: Recognizing Question Forms

Practice Recognizing Question Forms in Conversational French with focused quiz questions that help you check what you know, review explanations, and build confidence with test-style prompts.

What this quiz covers

This quiz focuses on Recognizing Question Forms, giving you a quick way to practice the rules, question types, and explanations that matter most for Conversational French.

How to use this quiz

Try each quiz question before looking at the correct answer. Use the explanations to review missed ideas, then come back to similar questions until the pattern feels familiar.

All questions

Question 1

Sophie téléphone à son amie Lucie : « Salut ! Je voulais te dire que j'ai trouvé un super appartement ! Il y a deux chambres, une grande cuisine, et la vue est magnifique. Le propriétaire est très sympa aussi. Je peux emménager dès la semaine prochaine si je veux. »

Lucie wants to visit Sophie's potential new place. Based on the information NOT provided in Sophie's description, which question form would be most essential for Lucie to ask?

  1. Comment est la vue de ton appartement ?
  2. Combien de chambres y a-t-il dans l'appartement ?
  3. Où se trouve exactement cet appartement ? (correct answer)
  4. Quand peux-tu emménager dans cet appartement ?
Explanation: Sophie describes many features of the apartment but never mentions WHERE it's located. To visit, Lucie needs the location, making 'Où' (where) the essential question form. Sophie already mentioned the view is magnifique (A), there are two bedrooms (B), and she can move in next week (D).

Question 2

Dans le métro, Julie entend cette annonce : « Attention voyageurs, en raison d'un incident technique, notre train s'arrêtera dans quelques minutes. Nous vous prions de bien vouloir descendre et prendre la correspondance. Des bus de remplacement sont mis en service. Nous nous excusons pour la gêne occasionnée. »

A confused tourist who heard this announcement would most likely ask which question to understand the practical next steps?

  1. Pourquoi y a-t-il un incident technique aujourd'hui ?
  2. Combien de temps va durer cette interruption ?
  3. Où dois-je aller pour prendre le bus de remplacement ? (correct answer)
  4. Quand est-ce que le service normal va reprendre ?
Explanation: A tourist needs immediate practical information to continue their journey. 'Où' (where) to find replacement buses is the most urgent question for taking action. While options B and D (how long, when normal service resumes) might be interesting, they don't help the tourist navigate right now. Option A (why there's an incident) is irrelevant to solving their transportation problem.

Question 3

Dans un magasin, un client demande à la vendeuse : « Excusez-moi, je cherche un cadeau pour mon père. Il aime beaucoup lire et il s'intéresse à l'histoire. » La vendeuse répond : « Parfait ! Nous avons une excellente sélection. Suivez-moi, c'est au deuxième étage. »

If the customer wants to know the price range before going upstairs, which question form should he use to get the most useful information for his decision?

  1. Est-ce que vous avez des livres d'histoire ?
  2. Combien coûtent vos livres d'histoire en général ? (correct answer)
  3. Où se trouve exactement le rayon histoire ?
  4. Quand avez-vous reçu de nouveaux livres ?
Explanation: 'Combien' (how much) is the question form used to ask about prices and costs. Since the customer wants to know the price range before going upstairs, this is the most useful question. Option A asks about availability (already confirmed), option C asks about location (already answered - deuxième étage), and option D asks about timing (irrelevant to his immediate need).

Question 4

Au restaurant, Pierre dit au serveur : « Bonsoir ! Ma femme et moi voudrions dîner ce soir. Nous préférons une table près de la fenêtre si c'est possible. Nous ne sommes pas pressés, nous avons tout notre temps. »

The server needs to check availability and provide options. Which question form would be most inappropriate for the server to use in this context?

  1. Combien de personnes êtes-vous ce soir ?
  2. À quelle heure souhaitez-vous dîner ?
  3. Pourquoi voulez-vous une table près de la fenêtre ? (correct answer)
  4. Où préférez-vous vous asseoir dans le restaurant ?
Explanation: 'Pourquoi' (why) would be inappropriate because asking customers to justify their seating preference is unprofessional and unnecessary. The server should accommodate requests, not question motivations. Options A, B, and D are all appropriate service questions: confirming party size, timing, and seating preferences to provide better service.

Question 5

Emma écrit un message à son colocataire : « Salut ! J'ai invité des amis à dîner samedi soir. On va cuisiner ensemble, ce sera sympa ! Je vais acheter tout ce qu'il faut au marché. N'hésite pas à te joindre à nous si tu veux ! Bisous. »

The roommate wants to participate but has dietary restrictions. Which question form would be most helpful for them to ask before Saturday?

  1. Qui vient dîner samedi soir exactement ?
  2. Pourquoi as-tu décidé de cuisiner ensemble ?
  3. Combien d'amis as-tu invités en tout ?
  4. Qu'est-ce que vous allez cuisiner ensemble ? (correct answer)
Explanation: When approaching reading comprehension questions in French, focus on identifying the specific information that would be most relevant to the situation described. Here, you need to understand what a roommate with dietary restrictions would need to know before joining a dinner. The correct answer is D) "Qu'est-ce que vous allez cuisiner ensemble ?" This question directly asks what they're going to cook together, which is exactly what someone with dietary restrictions needs to know. If the roommate is vegetarian, allergic to certain foods, or follows specific dietary guidelines, knowing the menu is essential for determining whether they can participate safely and comfortably. Let's examine why the other options miss the mark: A) asks who is coming to dinner, which doesn't address dietary concerns at all. B) asks why Emma decided to cook together, focusing on motivation rather than practical meal details. C) asks how many friends are invited, which is about quantity of people, not food content. While all these questions might satisfy general curiosity, only option D provides the critical information needed for someone with dietary restrictions to make an informed decision about participation. Remember that French reading comprehension often tests your ability to identify the most logical and practical response to a situation. When you see questions about social scenarios, always consider what information would be most useful or necessary for the person asking, given their specific circumstances or needs.

Question 6

Au bureau de poste, Monsieur Martin dit à l'employée : « Bonjour, je voudrais envoyer ce colis à ma fille qui habite à l'étranger. C'est assez urgent, elle en a besoin rapidement. Mais je ne veux pas que ça coûte trop cher non plus. »

The postal employee needs to offer appropriate shipping options. Which combination of question forms would best help her provide a suitable service recommendation?

  1. Où habite votre fille ? Combien voulez-vous dépenser maximum ? (correct answer)
  2. Qu'est-ce qu'il y a dans le colis ? Pourquoi est-ce urgent ?
  3. Quand votre fille a-t-elle besoin du colis ? Comment voulez-vous payer ?
  4. Pourquoi envoyez-vous un colis ? Où avez-vous acheté cette boîte ?
Explanation: To recommend shipping options balancing speed and cost, the employee needs to know WHERE (destination affects pricing and delivery options) and HOW MUCH the customer wants to spend ('Combien'). Option B asks for package contents and urgency reasons (less relevant for service choice). Option C asks when it's needed (already said 'rapidement') and payment method (premature). Option D asks irrelevant personal questions.

Question 7

Paul: Excusez-moi, où se trouve la pharmacie? Agent: Elle est rue Victor Hugo. Paul: Comment est-ce que j'y vais? Agent: Vous prenez le bus numéro douze. Paul: Pourquoi pas le métro? Agent: Parce que la station est fermée aujourd'hui. Paul: Ah bon. Quand est-ce qu'elle ouvre? Agent: Demain matin à six heures.

Paul uses different question forms throughout this exchange. Which question form does he employ when seeking an explanation for the agent's transportation recommendation?

  1. A 'comment' question to understand the method of transportation available
  2. A 'quand' question to determine the timing of service availability
  3. A 'pourquoi' question to understand the reasoning behind the suggestion (correct answer)
  4. An 'où' question to locate the specific destination he needs
Explanation: Paul asks 'Pourquoi pas le métro?' to understand why the agent didn't recommend the metro. This 'pourquoi' question seeks an explanation for the transportation recommendation. His other questions use 'où,' 'comment,' and 'quand' for different purposes.

Question 8

Agent immobilier: Bonjour! Vous cherchez un appartement? Couple: Oui, nous déménageons en juin. Agent: Combien de pièces vous faut-il? Couple: Trois pièces minimum. Agent: Dans quel quartier préférez-vous habiter? Couple: Près du centre-ville. Agent: Quel est votre budget maximum? Couple: Mille euros par mois. Agent: Quand pouvez-vous visiter? Couple: Ce weekend, si possible.

The real estate agent gathers information systematically. Which question form does he use to determine their preferred neighborhood?

  1. He uses 'Combien de' to establish the required number of rooms
  2. He uses 'Dans quel quartier' to identify their location preferences (correct answer)
  3. He uses 'Quel est' to determine their financial budget constraints
  4. He uses 'Quand pouvez-vous' to schedule appropriate viewing appointments
Explanation: The agent asks 'Dans quel quartier préférez-vous habiter?' to learn about their neighborhood preferences. This 'dans quel quartier' construction specifically targets location preferences, while his other questions address room count, budget, and scheduling.

Question 9

Maman: Léa, tu as fait tes devoirs? Léa: Pas encore, maman. Maman: Pourquoi pas? Léa: Parce que j'ai eu beaucoup d'activités aujourd'hui. Maman: Lesquels exactement? Léa: Le sport et la musique. Maman: Combien de temps pour les finir? Léa: Une heure, je pense.

During this conversation about homework, which question form does the mother use to understand which specific activities kept Léa busy?

  1. She uses 'Pourquoi pas' to understand the reasons for incomplete homework
  2. She uses 'Lesquels exactement' to identify the specific activities that occurred (correct answer)
  3. She uses 'Combien de temps' to determine the duration needed for completion
  4. She uses 'Tu as fait' to verify whether homework has been completed
Explanation: The mother asks 'Lesquels exactement?' to find out which specific activities kept Léa busy. This 'lesquels' question form seeks to identify specific items from a group, while her other questions address reasons, timing, and completion status.

Question 10

Vendeuse: Bonjour, je peux vous aider? Cliente: Oui, je cherche un cadeau. Vendeuse: Pour qui est-ce? Cliente: Pour ma mère. Vendeuse: À quelle occasion? Cliente: Pour la fête des mères. Vendeuse: Dans quelle gamme de prix? Cliente: Entre cinquante et cent euros. Vendeuse: Qu'est-ce qui lui ferait plaisir? Cliente: Elle aime les bijoux.

The saleswoman asks various questions to help with gift selection. Which question form does she use to understand the customer's budget range?

  1. She uses 'Pour qui' to identify the intended recipient of the gift
  2. She uses 'À quelle occasion' to understand the reason for the gift purchase
  3. She uses 'Qu'est-ce qui lui ferait plaisir' to determine the recipient's preferences
  4. She uses 'Dans quelle gamme de prix' to establish the customer's spending parameters (correct answer)
Explanation: When interpreting French conversations, you need to match specific question words with their purposes. This dialogue shows a typical retail interaction where the saleswoman uses different interrogative forms to gather information about the customer's gift needs. The question asks specifically about budget information. Looking at the conversation, "Dans quelle gamme de prix?" translates to "In what price range?" This directly asks the customer to establish spending parameters. The customer responds with "Entre cinquante et cent euros" (Between fifty and one hundred euros), confirming this exchange is about budget. Answer D correctly identifies this question-response pattern. "Dans quelle gamme de prix" is the precise phrase the saleswoman uses to understand the customer's financial boundaries for the purchase. Answer A misidentifies the purpose - "Pour qui" means "For whom" and is used to identify the gift recipient (the mother), not the budget. Answer B also confuses the function - "À quelle occasion" means "For what occasion" and establishes the reason for buying (Mother's Day), not spending limits. Answer C incorrectly focuses on preferences - "Qu'est-ce qui lui ferait plaisir" asks "What would please her" to determine what the mother likes (jewelry), not how much to spend. Study tip: French question words have specific functions - memorize key phrases like "Dans quelle gamme de prix" for budget discussions. In conversational French exams, pay attention to what information each question actually seeks rather than just translating individual words.

Question 11

Réceptionniste: Hôtel Bellevue, bonjour! Client: Bonjour, je voudrais réserver. Réceptionniste: Pour quelles dates? Client: Du 15 au 18 juillet. Réceptionniste: Quel type de chambre? Client: Une chambre double. Réceptionniste: Avec vue sur quoi? Client: Sur la mer, si possible. Réceptionniste: À quel nom la réservation? Client: Monsieur Rousseau.

During this hotel reservation call, which question form does the receptionist use to understand the guest's view preference?

  1. She uses 'Avec vue sur quoi' to identify the desired room orientation (correct answer)
  2. She uses 'Quel type de chambre' to determine the accommodation category needed
  3. She uses 'Pour quelles dates' to establish the reservation period timing
  4. She uses 'À quel nom' to record the reservation identification details
Explanation: When analyzing conversational French dialogues, pay close attention to matching specific questions with their actual purposes in the conversation flow. The question asks specifically about the receptionist's inquiry regarding the guest's "view preference." Looking at the dialogue, the receptionist asks "Avec vue sur quoi?" (With a view of what?) to determine what type of view the guest wants for their room. The client responds "Sur la mer, si possible" (On the sea, if possible), confirming this exchange is about room orientation and view preferences. This makes option A correct. Now let's examine why the other options miss the mark. Option B incorrectly identifies "Quel type de chambre?" as the view preference question, but this actually asks about room type (single, double, suite, etc.), not the view. Option C points to "Pour quelles dates?" which establishes the reservation dates, having nothing to do with room views. Option D references "À quel nom?" which is purely for recording the guest's name for the reservation. The key trap here is confusing different aspects of hotel reservations. Each question in this dialogue serves a distinct purpose: dates, room type, view preference, and guest identification. Study tip: In French hospitality dialogues, memorize the specific question patterns: "Pour quelles dates?" (dates), "Quel type de chambre?" (room category), "Avec vue sur quoi?" (view preference), and "À quel nom?" (name). This will help you quickly identify what information each question seeks in similar exam scenarios.

Question 12

Professeur: Alors, qui peut me dire la réponse? Élève: Moi, madame! Professeur: Très bien, Marc. Quelle est la capitale de l'Australie? Marc: Euh... Sydney? Professeur: Non, ce n'est pas correct. Pourquoi pensez-vous que c'est Sydney? Marc: Parce que c'est la ville la plus connue. Professeur: Je comprends. Quand avez-vous étudié cette leçon? Marc: La semaine dernière.

The teacher uses various question forms during this classroom interaction. Which question form does she employ to understand Marc's reasoning process?

  1. She uses 'Qui peut' to identify students willing to participate in discussion
  2. She uses 'Quelle est' to test factual knowledge about geographical information
  3. She uses 'Pourquoi pensez-vous' to explore the student's reasoning and logic (correct answer)
  4. She uses 'Quand avez-vous' to determine the timing of previous study
Explanation: The teacher asks 'Pourquoi pensez-vous que c'est Sydney?' to understand Marc's reasoning behind his incorrect answer. This 'pourquoi' question explores his thought process, while her other questions serve different purposes: identifying participants, testing knowledge, and checking study timing.

Question 13

Étudiant: Professeur, j'ai une question sur l'examen. Professeur: Oui, je vous écoute. Étudiant: Sur quoi porte-t-il exactement? Professeur: Sur les chapitres trois à six. Étudiant: Combien de questions y aura-t-il? Professeur: Une vingtaine. Étudiant: De quel type seront-elles? Professeur: À choix multiples et dissertation. Étudiant: Pendant combien de temps? Professeur: Deux heures.

The student asks multiple questions about the upcoming exam. Which question form does he use to learn about the exam content coverage?

  1. He uses 'Sur quoi porte-t-il' to understand the subject matter and scope (correct answer)
  2. He uses 'Combien de questions' to determine the total number of items
  3. He uses 'De quel type' to identify the format and style of questions
  4. He uses 'Pendant combien de temps' to establish the duration allowed
Explanation: The student asks 'Sur quoi porte-t-il exactement?' to learn what content the exam will cover. This question form specifically addresses subject matter and scope, while his other questions focus on quantity, format, and timing.

Question 14

Touriste: Excusez-moi, je cherche l'office de tourisme. Passant: Ah oui, c'est tout près d'ici. Touriste: Dans quelle direction? Passant: Vous allez tout droit. Touriste: Combien de temps à pied? Passant: Cinq minutes maximum. Touriste: À quoi ressemble le bâtiment? Passant: C'est un bâtiment moderne avec une façade en verre.

The tourist asks multiple questions to find the tourist office. Which question form does he use to learn about the walking time required?

  1. He uses 'Dans quelle direction' to understand the path he should take
  2. He uses 'Combien de temps' to determine the duration of the walk (correct answer)
  3. He uses 'À quoi ressemble' to identify the building's physical characteristics
  4. He uses 'Comment' to understand the transportation method he should use
Explanation: The tourist asks 'Combien de temps à pied?' using 'Combien de temps' to learn how long the walk will take. This question form specifically addresses duration, while his other questions focus on direction and building appearance.

Question 15

Médecin: Bonjour monsieur Martin. Comment allez-vous? Patient: Pas très bien, docteur. Médecin: Qu'est-ce qui ne va pas? Patient: J'ai mal à la tête depuis hier. Médecin: Combien de fois par jour? Patient: Tout le temps, c'est constant. Médecin: Où exactement avez-vous mal? Patient: Surtout au front et aux tempes.

In this medical consultation, when the doctor needs to understand the frequency of the patient's symptoms, which interrogative approach does he employ?

  1. He uses 'Comment' to assess the patient's general condition and wellness
  2. He uses 'Qu'est-ce qui' to identify the specific problem affecting the patient
  3. He uses 'Combien de fois' to determine the frequency of symptom occurrence (correct answer)
  4. He uses 'Où exactement' to pinpoint the precise location of discomfort
Explanation: The doctor asks 'Combien de fois par jour?' to determine how frequently the patient experiences headaches. This 'combien de fois' construction specifically targets frequency information, while his other questions address general condition, problem identification, and location.

Question 16

Collègue 1: Tu vas au restaurant ce midi? Collègue 2: Oui, tu viens avec moi? Collègue 1: Pourquoi pas! Lequel tu préfères? Collègue 2: Le petit bistrot italien. Collègue 1: On se retrouve à quelle heure? Collègue 2: À douze heures trente. Collègue 1: Devant quel endroit? Collègue 2: Devant l'entrée principale de l'immeuble.

In planning their lunch meeting, which question form does Collègue 1 use to choose between restaurant options?

  1. He uses 'Pourquoi pas' to express agreement with the lunch invitation
  2. He uses 'Lequel tu préfères' to determine the restaurant choice from available options (correct answer)
  3. He uses 'On se retrouve à quelle heure' to establish the meeting time
  4. He uses 'Devant quel endroit' to specify the exact meeting location
Explanation: Collègue 1 asks 'Lequel tu préfères?' using 'Lequel' to ask his colleague to choose from available restaurant options. This question form specifically seeks selection from alternatives, while his other questions address timing and meeting location.

Question 17

Ami 1: Tu viens à la fête samedi? Ami 2: Quelle fête? Ami 1: Celle de Martine pour ses vingt ans. Ami 2: Ah oui! À partir de quelle heure? Ami 1: À partir de dix-neuf heures. Ami 2: Qu'est-ce qu'on apporte? Ami 1: Chacun apporte quelque chose à boire. Ami 2: Chez qui exactement? Ami 1: Chez ses parents, rue de la Paix.

During this conversation about a party, which question form does Ami 2 use to clarify what guests should contribute?

  1. He uses 'Quelle fête' to identify which specific party is being discussed
  2. He uses 'À partir de quelle heure' to determine the party start time
  3. He uses 'Chez qui exactement' to confirm the specific location and host
  4. He uses 'Qu'est-ce qu'on apporte' to understand the contribution expectations for guests (correct answer)
Explanation: When analyzing conversational French dialogues, pay attention to the specific purpose behind each question form. Different question structures serve different communicative functions, and understanding these patterns will help you identify what information each speaker is seeking. In this conversation, Ami 2 asks four distinct questions, each serving a specific purpose. The question asks specifically about what guests should contribute to the party. Looking at Ami 2's questions: "Qu'est-ce qu'on apporte?" directly translates to "What do we bring?" or "What should we bring?" This question form uses "qu'est-ce que" (what) combined with "on" (we/one) to ask about expected contributions from guests. The response confirms this interpretation: "Chacun apporte quelque chose à boire" (Everyone brings something to drink). Choice A is incorrect because "Quelle fête?" (Which party?) is used to identify which specific event is being discussed, not about contributions. Choice B is wrong because "À partir de quelle heure?" (Starting at what time?) seeks timing information, not contribution details. Choice C is incorrect since "Chez qui exactement?" (At whose place exactly?) clarifies the location and host, not what to bring. The key strategy here is to match the question's purpose with what information it actually seeks. "Qu'est-ce qu'on apporte?" is the only question that directly addresses guest responsibilities and contributions. When studying conversational French, practice identifying question words and their specific functions: "quelle" for identification, "à partir de quelle heure" for timing, "chez qui" for location, and "qu'est-ce que" for objects or actions.

Question 18

Fils: Maman, tu peux m'aider avec mes maths? Mère: Bien sûr. Qu'est-ce que tu ne comprends pas? Fils: Les équations du second degré. Mère: Depuis quand as-tu des difficultés? Fils: Depuis le début du chapitre. Mère: Comment ton professeur explique-t-il? Fils: Il va très vite, je n'arrive pas à suivre. Mère: Avec quoi as-tu le plus de mal? Fils: Avec la factorisation.

The mother asks several questions to understand her son's math difficulties. Which question form does she use to identify the duration of his struggles?

  1. She uses 'Qu'est-ce que tu ne comprends pas' to identify the specific problem areas
  2. She uses 'Depuis quand' to determine how long the difficulties have persisted (correct answer)
  3. She uses 'Comment ton professeur explique' to understand the teaching methodology being used
  4. She uses 'Avec quoi as-tu le plus de mal' to pinpoint the most challenging aspect
Explanation: The mother asks 'Depuis quand as-tu des difficultés?' using 'Depuis quand' to learn how long he has been struggling. This question form specifically addresses duration and timing, while her other questions focus on problem identification, teaching methods, and specific challenges.

Question 19

Journaliste: Monsieur le maire, comment voyez-vous l'avenir de la ville? Maire: Avec beaucoup d'optimisme. Journaliste: Grâce à quoi cette confiance? Maire: Grâce aux nouveaux investissements. Journaliste: De combien parlons-nous? Maire: De plusieurs millions d'euros. Journaliste: Dans quels domaines principalement? Maire: L'éducation et le transport.

In this interview, the journalist uses different question forms to gather information. Which question form does he employ to learn about the financial scope of the investments?

  1. He uses 'Comment voyez-vous' to understand the mayor's perspective on development
  2. He uses 'Grâce à quoi' to identify the sources of the mayor's confidence
  3. He uses 'De combien' to determine the monetary amount of investments (correct answer)
  4. He uses 'Dans quels domaines' to specify the sectors receiving funding
Explanation: The journalist asks 'De combien parlons-nous?' using 'De combien' to learn about the financial amount of the investments. This question form specifically targets monetary quantities, while his other questions address perspective, confidence sources, and investment sectors.

Question 20

Marie: Bonjour! Je cherche des chaussures pour ma fille. Vendeur: Bonjour madame. Quel âge a-t-elle? Marie: Elle a huit ans. Vendeur: Et vous préférez quelle couleur? Marie: Du rouge ou du noir, s'il vous plaît. Vendeur: Parfait. Combien voulez-vous dépenser? Marie: Pas plus de cinquante euros. Vendeur: D'accord. Quand en avez-vous besoin? Marie: Pour samedi prochain.

In this conversation, which question form does the salesperson use to inquire about Marie's budget constraints?

  1. A question beginning with 'Quel' to ask about age specifications
  2. A question beginning with 'Combien' to ask about spending limits (correct answer)
  3. A question beginning with 'Quelle' to ask about color preferences
  4. A question beginning with 'Quand' to ask about timing requirements
Explanation: The salesperson asks 'Combien voulez-vous dépenser?' which uses 'Combien' to inquire about Marie's budget. While the salesperson asks other questions using 'Quel,' 'Quelle,' and 'Quand,' only the 'Combien' question specifically addresses budget constraints.