Geometry - 8th Grade Math

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Question

The image provided contains a set of parallel lines, $\overline{AB}$ and $\overline{CD}$ , and a transversal line, $\overline{EF}$ . If angle $\angle{\ a}$ is equal to $135^\circ$ , then which of the other angles is equal to $135^\circ?$

Answer

First, we need to define some key terms:

Parallel Lines: Parallel lines are lines that will never intersect with each other.

Transversal Line: A transversal line is a line that crosses two parallel lines.

In the the image provided, lines $\overline{AB}$ and $\overline{CD}$ are parallel lines and line $\overline{EF}$ is a transversal line because it crosses the two parallel lines.

It is important to know that transversal lines create angle relationships:

Vertical angles are congruent

Corresponding angles are congruent

Alternate interior angles are congruent

Alternate exterior angles are congruent

Let's look at angle $\angle{\ a}$ in the image provided below to demonstrate our relationships.

Angle $\angle{\ a}$ and $\angle{\ c}$ are vertical angles.

Angle $\angle{\ a}$ and $\angle{\ e}$ are corresponding angles.

Angle $\angle{\ a}$ and $\angle{\ g}$ are exterior angles.

Angle $\angle{\ a}$ is an exterior angle; therefore, it does not have an alternate interior angle. In this image, the alternate interior angles are the angle pairs $\angle{\ e}$ and $\angle{\ c}$ as well as angle $\angle{\ d}$ and $\angle{\ f}$ .

For this problem, we want to find the angle that is congruent to angle $\angle{\ a}$ . Based on our answer choices, angle $\angle{\ a}$ and $\angle{\ c}$ are vertical angles; thus, both angle $\angle{\ a}$ and $\angle{\ c}$ are congruent and equal $135^\circ$

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Question

Calculate the length of the missing side of the provided triangle. Round the answer to the nearest whole number.

Answer

The provided triangle is a right triangle. We know this because the angle marker in the left corner of the triangle indicates that the triangle possesses a right or $90^\circ$ angle. When a triangle includes a right angle, the triangle is said to be a "right triangle."

We can use the Pythagorean Theorem to help us solve this problem.

The Pythagorean Theorem states that for right triangles, the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the square of the other two sides. In other terms:

We can use the formula and substitute the known side lengths from the problem to solve for the missing side length:

$144+1\textup,225=c^2$

$1\textup,369=c^2$

$\sqrt{1\textup,369}=\sqrt{c^2}$

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Question

Calculate the volume of the cone provided. Round the answer to the nearest hundredth.

Answer

In order to solve this problem, we need to recall the formula used to calculate the volume of a cone:

$V=\pi r^2\left ( \frac{h}{3} \right )$

Now that we have this formula, we can substitute in the given values and solve:

$V=\pi3^2\left ( \frac{6}{3} \right )$

$V=\pi9(2)$

$V=\pi18$

$V=56.55\textup{ in}^3$

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Question

An airplane is 8 miles west and 15 miles south of its destination. Approximately how far is the plane from its destination, in miles?

Answer

A right triangle can be drawn between the airplane and its destination.

Destination

15 miles Airplane

8 miles

We can solve for the hypotenuse, x, of the triangle:

82 + 152 = x2

64 + 225 = x2

289 = x2

x = 17 miles

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Question

To get from his house to the hardware store, Bob must drive 3 miles to the east and then 4 miles to the north. If Bob was able to drive along a straight line directly connecting his house to the store, how far would he have to travel then?

Answer

Since east and north directions are perpendicular, the possible routes Bob can take can be represented by a right triangle with sides a and b of length 3 miles and 5 miles, respectively. The hypotenuse c represents the straight line connecting his house to the store, and its length can be found using the Pythagorean theorem: _c_2 = 32+ 42 = 25. Since the square root of 25 is 5, the length of the hypotenuse is 5 miles.

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Question

Use the Pythagorean Theorem to calculate the length of the line shown on the provided coordinate plane. Round the answer to the nearest tenth.

Answer

Notice that the diagonal line from the problem could be the hypotenuse of a right triangle. If we add two more lines, then we can create a closed figure in the shape of a triangle:

Let's use the Pythagorean Theorem to calculate the length of the line that represents the hypotenuse of a right triangle. The Pythagorean Theorem states that for right triangles:

In this equation:

$a \textup{ and }b=\textup{legs}$

$c=\textup{hypotenuse}$

We can count the number of units on the coordinate plane that were used to create the legs of our drawn triangle. Afterwards, we can use the Pythagorean Theorem to solve for the length of the hypotenuse, or the original diagonal line.

In order to solve for this problem we want to substitute in the known side lengths for the triangle's legs:

$\sqrt{125}=\sqrt{c^2}$

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Question

Use the Pythagorean Theorem to calculate the length of the line shown on the provided coordinate plane. Round the answer to the nearest tenth.

Answer

Notice that the diagonal line from the problem could be the hypotenuse of a right triangle. If we add two more lines, then we can create a closed figure in the shape of a triangle:

Let's use the Pythagorean Theorem to calculate the length of the line that represents the hypotenuse of a right triangle. The Pythagorean Theorem states that for right triangles:

In this equation:

$a \textup{ and }b=\textup{legs}$

$c=\textup{hypotenuse}$

We can count the number of units on the coordinate plane that were used to create the legs of our drawn triangle. Afterwards, we can use the Pythagorean Theorem to solve for the length of the hypotenuse, or the original diagonal line.

In order to solve for this problem we want to substitute in the known side lengths for the triangle's legs:

$\sqrt{34}=\sqrt{c^2}$

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Question

Use the Pythagorean Theorem to calculate the length of the line shown on the provided coordinate plane. Round the answer to the nearest tenth.

Answer

Notice that the diagonal line from the problem could be the hypotenuse of a right triangle. If we add two more lines, then we can create a closed figure in the shape of a triangle:

Let's use the Pythagorean Theorem to calculate the length of the line that represents the hypotenuse of a right triangle. The Pythagorean Theorem states that for right triangles:

In this equation:

$a \textup{ and }b=\textup{legs}$

$c=\textup{hypotenuse}$

We can count the number of units on the coordinate plane that were used to create the legs of our drawn triangle. Afterwards, we can use the Pythagorean Theorem to solve for the length of the hypotenuse, or the original diagonal line.

In order to solve for this problem we want to substitute in the known side lengths for the triangle's legs:

$\sqrt{61}=\sqrt{c^2}$

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Question

Use the Pythagorean Theorem to calculate the length of the line shown on the provided coordinate plane. Round the answer to the nearest tenth.

Answer

Notice that the diagonal line from the problem could be the hypotenuse of a right triangle. If we add two more lines, then we can create a closed figure in the shape of a triangle:

Let's use the Pythagorean Theorem to calculate the length of the line that represents the hypotenuse of a right triangle. The Pythagorean Theorem states that for right triangles:

In this equation:

$a \textup{ and }b=\textup{legs}$

$c=\textup{hypotenuse}$

We can count the number of units on the coordinate plane that were used to create the legs of our drawn triangle. Afterwards, we can use the Pythagorean Theorem to solve for the length of the hypotenuse, or the original diagonal line.

In order to solve for this problem we want to substitute in the known side lengths for the triangle's legs:

$\sqrt{149}=\sqrt{c^2}$

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Question

A right triangle has legs with lengths of units and units. What is the length of the hypotenuse?

Answer

$\text{Hypotenuse}=\sqrt{\text{(leg 1)}^2+\text{(leg 2)}^2}$

Using the numbers given to us by the question,

$\text{Hypotenuse}=\sqrt{2^2+5^2}=\sqrt{29}=5.38$ units

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Question

Use the Pythagorean Theorem to calculate the length of the line shown on the provided coordinate plane. Round the answer to the nearest tenth.

Answer

Notice that the diagonal line from the problem could be the hypotenuse of a right triangle. If we add two more lines, then we can create a closed figure in the shape of a triangle:

Let's use the Pythagorean Theorem to calculate the length of the line that represents the hypotenuse of a right triangle. The Pythagorean Theorem states that for right triangles:

In this equation:

$a \textup{ and }b=\textup{legs}$

$c=\textup{hypotenuse}$

We can count the number of units on the coordinate plane that were used to create the legs of our drawn triangle. Afterwards, we can use the Pythagorean Theorem to solve for the length of the hypotenuse, or the original diagonal line.

In order to solve for this problem we want to substitute in the known side lengths for the triangle's legs:

$\sqrt{61}=\sqrt{c^2}$

Compare your answer with the correct one above

Question

Use the Pythagorean Theorem to calculate the length of the line shown on the provided coordinate plane. Round the answer to the nearest tenth.

Answer

Notice that the diagonal line from the problem could be the hypotenuse of a right triangle. If we add two more lines, then we can create a closed figure in the shape of a triangle:

Let's use the Pythagorean Theorem to calculate the length of the line that represents the hypotenuse of a right triangle. The Pythagorean Theorem states that for right triangles:

In this equation:

$a \textup{ and }b=\textup{legs}$

$c=\textup{hypotenuse}$

We can count the number of units on the coordinate plane that were used to create the legs of our drawn triangle. Afterwards, we can use the Pythagorean Theorem to solve for the length of the hypotenuse, or the original diagonal line.

In order to solve for this problem we want to substitute in the known side lengths for the triangle's legs:

$\sqrt{41}=\sqrt{c^2}$

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Question

A right triangle has legs with the lengths and . Find the length of the hypotenuse.

Answer

Use the Pythagorean Theorem to find the length of the hypotenuse.

$(\text{Hypotenuse})^2=(\text{leg 1})^2+(\text{leg 2})^2$

$\text{Hypotenuse}=\sqrt{4^2+5^2}=\sqrt{41}:cm$

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Question

Find the length of the hypotenuse in the right triangle below.

Answer

Use the Pythagorean Theorem to find the hypotenuse.

$16^2+20^2=\text{Hypotenuse}^2$

$656=\text{Hypotenuse}^2$

$\sqrt{656}=25.61=\text{Hypotenuse}$

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Question

Use the Pythagorean Theorem to calculate the length of the line shown on the provided coordinate plane. Round the answer to the nearest tenth.

Answer

Notice that the diagonal line from the problem could be the hypotenuse of a right triangle. If we add two more lines, then we can create a closed figure in the shape of a triangle:

Let's use the Pythagorean Theorem to calculate the length of the line that represents the hypotenuse of a right triangle. The Pythagorean Theorem states that for right triangles:

In this equation:

$a \textup{ and }b=\textup{legs}$

$c=\textup{hypotenuse}$

We can count the number of units on the coordinate plane that were used to create the legs of our drawn triangle. Afterwards, we can use the Pythagorean Theorem to solve for the length of the hypotenuse, or the original diagonal line.

In order to solve for this problem we want to substitute in the known side lengths for the triangle's legs:

$\sqrt{74}=\sqrt{c^2}$

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Question

Observe the location of the black and orange angles on the provided coordinate plane and identify which of the following transformations—rotation, translation, or reflection—the black angle has undergone in order to reach the position of the orange angle. Select the answer that provides the correct transformation shown in the provided image.

Answer

First, let's define the possible transformations.

Rotation: A rotation means turning an image, shape, line, etc. around a central point.

Translation: A translation means moving or sliding an image, shape, line, etc. over a plane.

Reflection: A reflection mean flipping an image, shape, line, etc. over a central line.

In the images from the question, notice that the black angle rotates $90^\circ$ counterclockwise, or left around the y-axis. The vertical, base, line of the angle goes from being vertical to horizontal; thus the transformation is a rotation.

The transformation can't be a reflection over the x-axis because the orange angle didn't flip over the x-axis.

The transformation can't be a translation because the angle changes direction, which does not happened when you simply move or slide an angle or image.

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Question

Observe the location of the black and orange angles on the provided coordinate plane and identify which of the following transformations—rotation, translation, or reflection—the black angle has undergone in order to reach the position of the orange angle. Select the answer that provides the correct transformation shown in the provided image.

Answer

First, let's define the possible transformations.

Rotation: A rotation means turning an image, shape, line, etc. around a central point.

Translation: A translation means moving or sliding an image, shape, line, etc. over a plane.

Reflection: A reflection mean flipping an image, shape, line, etc. over a central line.

In the images from the question, notice that the black angle rotates $1800^\circ$ counterclockwise, or left around the y-axis. The vertical, base, line of the angle goes from being the base, to the top; thus the transformation is a rotation.

The transformation can't be a reflection over the x-axis because the orange angle didn't flip over the x-axis.

The transformation can't be a translation because the angle changes direction, which does not happened when you simply move or slide an angle or image.

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Question

Observe the location of the black and orange angles on the provided coordinate plane and identify which of the following transformations—rotation, translation, or reflection—the black angle has undergone in order to reach the position of the orange angle. Select the answer that provides the correct transformation shown in the provided image.

Answer

First, let's define the possible transformations.

Rotation: A rotation means turning an image, shape, line, etc. around a central point.

Translation: A translation means moving or sliding an image, shape, line, etc. over a plane.

Reflection: A reflection mean flipping an image, shape, line, etc. over a central line.

In the images from the question, notice that the black angle rotates $90^\circ$ clockwise, or right around the x-axis. The vertical, base, line of the angle goes from being vertical to horizontal; thus the transformation is a rotation.

The transformation can't be a reflection over the y-axis because the orange angle didn't flip over the y-axis.

The transformation can't be a translation because the angle changes direction, which does not happened when you simply move or slide an angle or image.

Compare your answer with the correct one above

Question

Observe the location of the black and orange angles on the provided coordinate plane and identify which of the following transformations—rotation, translation, or reflection—the black angle has undergone in order to reach the position of the orange angle. Select the answer that provides the correct transformation shown in the provided image.

Answer

First, let's define the possible transformations.

Rotation: A rotation means turning an image, shape, line, etc. around a central point.

Translation: A translation means moving or sliding an image, shape, line, etc. over a plane.

Reflection: A reflection mean flipping an image, shape, line, etc. over a central line.

In the images from the question, notice that the black angle rotates $1800^\circ$ clockwise, or right around the x-axis. The vertical, base, line of the angle goes from being the base, to the top; thus the transformation is a rotation.

The transformation can't be a reflection over the y-axis because the orange angle didn't flip over the y-axis.

The transformation can't be a translation because the angle changes direction, which does not happened when you simply move or slide an angle or image.

Compare your answer with the correct one above

Question

Observe the location of the black and orange angles on the provided coordinate plane and identify which of the following transformations—rotation, translation, or reflection—the black angle has undergone in order to reach the position of the orange angle. Select the answer that provides the correct transformation shown in the provided image.

Answer

First, let's define the possible transformations.

Rotation: A rotation means turning an image, shape, line, etc. around a central point.

Translation: A translation means moving or sliding an image, shape, line, etc. over a plane.

Reflection: A reflection mean flipping an image, shape, line, etc. over a central line.

In the images from the question, the line was not rotated $90^\circ$ because that rotation would have caused the vertical, base, line of the angle to go from being horizontal to vertical, but the line is still horizontal. The line was not moved down, as the translation is described in the answer choice, because you can tell the angle has been flipped, the straight, base line of the angle is now the top line of the angle; thus, the correct answer is a reflection over the x-axis.

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