Evaluation of Models - ACT Science

To decide whether data supports or contradicts a scientific explanation or representation.

A simplified explanation or diagram that represents how something works or behaves.

To help predict outcomes and explain natural phenomena.

A testable prediction about how variables are related.

A well-tested explanation supported by many observations and experiments.

A rule that describes a consistent relationship in nature, often shown with a formula

A statement that summarizes the results and states whether the hypothesis was supported.

A logical conclusion drawn from data or observations.

The process of connecting evidence to a claim with logical explanation.

Facts or data that support or refute a claim.

A statement or conclusion that answers a scientific question.

Something accepted as true without proof in order to make reasoning possible.

To explain observations and make predictions about systems that are difficult to test directly.

By comparing model predictions to experimental data.

The results match the model’s predictions.

The results do not match the predictions; the model may need revision.

Revise or replace the model to fit the evidence.

An unfair influence that can distort results or interpretation.

When other scientists evaluate an experiment or model before it is published.

The ability for others to repeat an experiment and get similar results.