Lymphedema (commonly just "edema") is an excessive buildup of fluid in the body's tissues caused by a failure of the lymphatic system to properly balance fluids. The causes vary widely—from poor diet to malignant cancers—and it is usually seen as part of a wider constellation of symptoms. Lymphedema is also a common complication of surgery.

Atherosclerosis is a disease in which plague begins to form in the arteries, which limits the ability of blood to flow through the area. Also the plaque makes the arterial walls less elastic, which increases blood pressure. Plague can build up in any area of the body, although the pulmonary circuit is much less prone to developing atherosclerotic signs. Atherosclerosis can lead to an increased risk of several health problems, including heart attacks and chronic kidney disease.

Buerger's disease commonly affects small arteries, veins, and nerves, narrowing the channels through which blood flows and causing ischemia (lack of blood supply) to the extremities. Long associated with tobacco exposure, the disease can cause gangrene and lead to amputation of the fingers, toes, hands and feet its most severe form.

An aneurysm is a balloon-like bulge in an artery. Often, these occur in the aorta or arteries in the brain. An aneurysm does not necessarily mean the artery has ruptured. Treatments for aneurysms focus on reducing the chances of the vessel rupturing, such as medications to lower blood pressure or surgery to repair the vessel's wall.

Raynaud's disease is a rare disorder that cause the arteries of the body to have episodes of vasospasms. These vasospasms affect blood flow to the finger and toes most often. The disorder is often managed by minor lifestyle changes.

Kawaski disease is a rare childhood disease that is a form of vasculitis. The walls of blood vessels throughout the body become inflamed with no known cause. It cannot be prevented, but most children recover after a few weeks.

EBOV is also known as the Ebola virus. It causes a severe hemorrhagic fever that is often fatal in humans and other mammals. EBOV is one of five known viruses within the genus Ebolavirus.

Although Pratt's test is not part of Wells' criteria, it is used to screen for DVT's. It involves squeezing the patient's popliteal vein, in the symptomatic leg. A test is considered positive if it causes pain. The other answers listed are part of Wells' criteria.

Pernicious anemia is the type of anemia that is caused by lack of vitamin B12. Hemorrhagic anemia is caused by loss of blood. Iron deficiency anemia is caused by low hemoglobin and/or small red blood cells. Hemolytic anemia can result from hemolytic disease of the newborn. Aplastic anemia is when the bone marrow looses its capacity to produce red blood cells.

There are various types of leukemia, all which are caused by a cancerous mutation in the cells of the bone marrow that are producing white blood cells. This causes white cells in circulation to be non functional, yet continue to grow and divide. Myeloma is a type of cancer that also begins in the bone marrow, but affects plasma cells. Lymphoma is a blood cancer of the lymphocytes. Hemophilia is a hereditary bleeding disorder that results from the lack of a clotting factor. Leukopenia is when the bone marrow stops producing white blood cells, causing the body to be more susceptible to infection.