AP Human Geography Flashcards: Causes Of Migration

What this deck covers

This deck focuses on Causes Of Migration, giving you a quick way to review the definitions, rules, and examples that matter most for AP Human Geography.

How to use these flashcards

Work through these flashcards in short sessions. Try to answer each prompt before flipping the card, then revisit any cards you miss until the explanation feels automatic.

Flashcard 1: Identify a primary economic cause of migration.

Answer: Job opportunities. Most common economic motivator for voluntary migration worldwide.

Flashcard 2: What does 'asylum seeker' mean?

Answer: A person seeking refuge and protection in another country. Someone who has applied for refugee status but awaits decision.

Flashcard 3: Identify one economic impact of migration on host countries.

Answer: Increase in labor force. Immigration typically expands the available workforce in destination areas.

Flashcard 4: What is a push factor in migration?

Answer: A condition that drives people to leave their homeland. Negative conditions that motivate people to leave their current location.

Flashcard 5: Identify one cultural barrier to migration.

Answer: Language differences. Communication barriers complicate integration in destination countries.

Flashcard 6: Identify a psychological factor influencing migration.

Answer: Desire for adventure. Personal motivations beyond economic or political pressures.

Flashcard 7: What does the term 'refugee' mean?

Answer: A person forced to flee their country due to persecution. Legal status requiring international protection from persecution.

Flashcard 8: Identify a technological factor influencing migration.

Answer: Improved transportation. Better transport reduces migration costs and increases accessibility.

Flashcard 9: What is a migration stream?

Answer: A constant flow of migrants from the same origin to the same destination. Established pathways between specific origin and destination locations.

Flashcard 10: What does 'asylum seeker' mean?

Answer: A person seeking refuge and protection in another country. Someone who has applied for refugee status but awaits decision.

Flashcard 11: What is step migration?

Answer: Migration to a distant destination that occurs in stages. Gradual movement through intermediate locations toward final destination.

Flashcard 12: Identify a legal factor influencing migration.

Answer: Immigration policies. Government regulations control and restrict international migration flows.

Flashcard 13: What is a pull factor in migration?

Answer: A condition that attracts people to a new area. Positive conditions that draw migrants to specific destinations.

Flashcard 14: What is emigration?

Answer: The act of leaving one's country to live in another. Focuses on departure from the origin country rather than arrival.

Flashcard 15: What is the impact of remittances on home countries?

Answer: Increased household income. Money sent home by migrants boosts origin country economies.

Flashcard 16: Which term describes migration within a country?

Answer: Internal migration. Movement that stays within national boundaries, unlike international migration.

Flashcard 17: What is transnational migration?

Answer: Migration across national borders. Migration that crosses international boundaries between countries.

Flashcard 18: What is the 'gravity model' in migration?

Answer: A model predicting migration flow based on population size and distance. Mathematical model using population and distance to predict migration flows.

Flashcard 19: What is the 'gravity model' in migration?

Answer: A model predicting migration flow based on population size and distance. Mathematical model using population and distance to predict migration flows.

Flashcard 20: What is a push factor in migration?

Answer: A condition that drives people to leave their homeland. Negative conditions that motivate people to leave their current location.

Flashcard 21: Identify a technological factor influencing migration.

Answer: Improved transportation. Better transport reduces migration costs and increases accessibility.

Flashcard 22: What is the 'brain drain' phenomenon?

Answer: The emigration of highly skilled professionals from one country to another. Loss of educated workers weakens origin countries' human capital.

Flashcard 23: Identify a primary social cause of migration.

Answer: Family reunification. Social networks drive this major category of migration motives.

Flashcard 24: What is immigration?

Answer: The act of coming to live permanently in a foreign country. Focuses on arrival and settlement in the destination country.

Flashcard 25: What is the 'brain drain' phenomenon?

Answer: The emigration of highly skilled professionals from one country to another. Loss of educated workers weakens origin countries' human capital.

Flashcard 26: Identify one factor that might deter migration.

Answer: High cost of travel. Financial barriers limit migration opportunities for many people.

Flashcard 27: Name a political cause of migration.

Answer: War or conflict. Political instability creates major push factors for migration.

Flashcard 28: What is emigration?

Answer: The act of leaving one's country to live in another. Focuses on departure from the origin country rather than arrival.

Flashcard 29: Identify a demographic consequence of migration.

Answer: Changes in population size. Migration directly affects population distribution and composition.

Flashcard 30: What is circular migration?

Answer: The temporary and repetitive movement of a migrant worker. Cyclical movement pattern common among temporary workers.

Flashcard 31: What is urbanization?

Answer: The movement of people from rural to urban areas. Rural-to-urban migration driving city growth worldwide.

Flashcard 32: What does the term 'refugee' mean?

Answer: A person forced to flee their country due to persecution. Legal status requiring international protection from persecution.

Flashcard 33: Identify one impact of migration on sending countries.

Answer: Loss of skilled workers. Emigration depletes origin countries of valuable human resources.

Flashcard 34: What is step migration?

Answer: Migration to a distant destination that occurs in stages. Gradual movement through intermediate locations toward final destination.

Flashcard 35: Identify one economic impact of migration on host countries.

Answer: Increase in labor force. Immigration typically expands the available workforce in destination areas.

Flashcard 36: Identify a health-related cause of migration.

Answer: Access to better healthcare services. Medical care quality differences motivate health-seeking migration.

Flashcard 37: Identify a health-related cause of migration.

Answer: Access to better healthcare services. Medical care quality differences motivate health-seeking migration.

Flashcard 38: What is a migration stream?

Answer: A constant flow of migrants from the same origin to the same destination. Established pathways between specific origin and destination locations.

Flashcard 39: What is chain migration?

Answer: Migration of people to a location because relatives previously migrated there. Family connections create migration pathways to specific destinations.

Flashcard 40: Identify a primary economic cause of migration.

Answer: Job opportunities. Most common economic motivator for voluntary migration worldwide.

Flashcard 41: What is return migration?

Answer: The voluntary return of immigrants to their place of origin. Migrants returning home after living abroad for extended periods.

Flashcard 42: Identify a primary social cause of migration.

Answer: Family reunification. Social networks drive this major category of migration motives.

Flashcard 43: What is counter-urbanization?

Answer: The movement of people from urban areas to rural areas. Reverse migration from cities back to rural areas.

Flashcard 44: Name a cultural impact of migration.

Answer: Cultural diversity. Migration introduces new cultural practices and perspectives to host areas.

Flashcard 45: What is immigration?

Answer: The act of coming to live permanently in a foreign country. Focuses on arrival and settlement in the destination country.

Flashcard 46: What is voluntary migration?

Answer: Migration based on one's free will and initiative. Migration driven by personal choice rather than external coercion.

Flashcard 47: What is return migration?

Answer: The voluntary return of immigrants to their place of origin. Migrants returning home after living abroad for extended periods.

Flashcard 48: What is circular migration?

Answer: The temporary and repetitive movement of a migrant worker. Cyclical movement pattern common among temporary workers.

Flashcard 49: What is counter-urbanization?

Answer: The movement of people from urban areas to rural areas. Reverse migration from cities back to rural areas.

Flashcard 50: Identify one cultural barrier to migration.

Answer: Language differences. Communication barriers complicate integration in destination countries.

Flashcard 51: What is seasonal migration?

Answer: Migration based on seasonal demand for labor. Temporary movement linked to agricultural or tourism cycles.

Flashcard 52: What is chain migration?

Answer: Migration of people to a location because relatives previously migrated there. Family connections create migration pathways to specific destinations.

Flashcard 53: What is the impact of remittances on home countries?

Answer: Increased household income. Money sent home by migrants boosts origin country economies.

Flashcard 54: What is forced migration?

Answer: Movement of people against their will due to conflict. Migration caused by external pressures beyond individual control.

Flashcard 55: What is forced migration?

Answer: Movement of people against their will due to conflict. Migration caused by external pressures beyond individual control.

Flashcard 56: What is seasonal migration?

Answer: Migration based on seasonal demand for labor. Temporary movement linked to agricultural or tourism cycles.

Flashcard 57: Identify one impact of migration on sending countries.

Answer: Loss of skilled workers. Emigration depletes origin countries of valuable human resources.

Flashcard 58: What is an intervening obstacle in migration?

Answer: A factor that hinders migration. Physical, economic, or political barriers that impede migration flows.

Flashcard 59: Identify an environmental cause of migration.

Answer: Natural disasters. Climate and environmental hazards force population displacement.

Flashcard 60: Identify an environmental cause of migration.

Answer: Natural disasters. Climate and environmental hazards force population displacement.

Flashcard 61: Identify a demographic consequence of migration.

Answer: Changes in population size. Migration directly affects population distribution and composition.

Flashcard 62: Identify one factor that might deter migration.

Answer: High cost of travel. Financial barriers limit migration opportunities for many people.

Flashcard 63: Identify a legal factor influencing migration.

Answer: Immigration policies. Government regulations control and restrict international migration flows.

Flashcard 64: Name a cultural impact of migration.

Answer: Cultural diversity. Migration introduces new cultural practices and perspectives to host areas.

Flashcard 65: Name a political cause of migration.

Answer: War or conflict. Political instability creates major push factors for migration.

Flashcard 66: What is a pull factor in migration?

Answer: A condition that attracts people to a new area. Positive conditions that draw migrants to specific destinations.

Flashcard 67: What is an intervening obstacle in migration?

Answer: A factor that hinders migration. Physical, economic, or political barriers that impede migration flows.

Flashcard 68: Which term describes migration within a country?

Answer: Internal migration. Movement that stays within national boundaries, unlike international migration.

Flashcard 69: What is migration?

Answer: The movement of people from one place to another. Basic definition of population movement between geographic locations.

Flashcard 70: What is migration?

Answer: The movement of people from one place to another. Basic definition of population movement between geographic locations.

Flashcard 71: Identify a psychological factor influencing migration.

Answer: Desire for adventure. Personal motivations beyond economic or political pressures.

Flashcard 72: What is voluntary migration?

Answer: Migration based on one's free will and initiative. Migration driven by personal choice rather than external coercion.

Flashcard 73: What is illegal migration?

Answer: Migration without legal permission. Undocumented migration violating immigration laws and regulations.

Flashcard 74: What is transnational migration?

Answer: Migration across national borders. Migration that crosses international boundaries between countries.