AP Physics 1 Flashcards: Fluids And Newtons Laws

What this deck covers

This deck focuses on Fluids And Newtons Laws, giving you a quick way to review the definitions, rules, and examples that matter most for AP Physics 1.

How to use these flashcards

Work through these flashcards in short sessions. Try to answer each prompt before flipping the card, then revisit any cards you miss until the explanation feels automatic.

Flashcard 1: What property of a fluid is described by its resistance to flow?

Answer: Viscosity. Thick fluids have high viscosity.

Flashcard 2: Identify the type of fluid flow characterized by smooth, constant motion.

Answer: Laminar flow. Opposite of turbulent flow.

Flashcard 3: What is the formula for buoyant force?

Answer: Buoyant Force = $\rho Vg$. Where $\rho$ is fluid density, $V$ is displaced volume.

Flashcard 4: Calculate the work done by a 10 N force moving an object 5 m.

Answer: Work = 50 J. Using $W = Fd$ where $F = 10$ N and $d = 5$ m.

Flashcard 5: What is the acceleration of a 10 kg object under a 20 N net force?

Answer: Acceleration = 2 m/s². Using $a = \frac{F}{m}$ where $F = 20$ N and $m = 10$ kg.

Flashcard 6: Identify the formula representing Hooke's Law.

Answer: $F = -kx$. Spring force proportional to displacement.

Flashcard 7: What is the formula for gravitational force?

Answer: $F = \frac{Gm_1m_2}{r^2}$. Newton's universal law of gravitation.

Flashcard 8: Find the net force acting on an object with mass 5 kg and acceleration 2 m/s².

Answer: Net Force = 10 N. Using $F = ma$ where $m = 5$ kg and $a = 2$ m/s².

Flashcard 9: What is the term for the tendency of an object to resist changes in its state of motion?

Answer: Inertia. Described by Newton's First Law.

Flashcard 10: Determine the pressure at a depth of 10 m in water ($\rho = 1000 \text{ kg/m}^3$, $g = 9.8 \text{ m/s}^2$).

Answer: Pressure = 98000 Pa. Using $P = \rho gh$ with given depth and constants.

Flashcard 11: What kind of force is required to change the velocity of an object?

Answer: Net force. Unbalanced forces cause acceleration.

Flashcard 12: What is the term for the force that opposes the relative motion of two surfaces in contact?

Answer: Friction. Contact force that resists sliding motion.

Flashcard 13: What does Newton's Third Law of Motion state?

Answer: For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. Forces always occur in pairs.

Flashcard 14: State Newton's Second Law of Motion.

Answer: $F = ma$. Force equals mass times acceleration.

Flashcard 15: What is the SI unit for pressure?

Answer: Pascal (Pa). One Pascal equals one Newton per square meter.

Flashcard 16: State Newton's Second Law of Motion.

Answer: $F = ma$. Force equals mass times acceleration.

Flashcard 17: Calculate the pressure exerted by a 200 N force over an area of 2 m².

Answer: Pressure = 100 Pa. Using $P = \frac{F}{A}$ where $F = 200$ N and $A = 2$ m².

Flashcard 18: Calculate the kinetic energy of a 2 kg object moving at 3 m/s.

Answer: Kinetic Energy = 9 J. Using $KE = \frac{1}{2}mv^2$ with $m = 2$ kg and $v = 3$ m/s.

Flashcard 19: Find the net force acting on an object with mass 5 kg and acceleration 2 m/s².

Answer: Net Force = 10 N. Using $F = ma$ where $m = 5$ kg and $a = 2$ m/s².

Flashcard 20: What does Newton's Third Law of Motion state?

Answer: For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. Forces always occur in pairs.

Flashcard 21: State the formula for the acceleration of an object.

Answer: Acceleration = $\frac{\Delta v}{\Delta t}$. Change in velocity over time.

Flashcard 22: Identify the type of flow where fluid particles travel along irregular paths.

Answer: Turbulent flow. Chaotic, unpredictable fluid motion.

Flashcard 23: Which law explains the motion of a rocket in space?

Answer: Newton's Third Law. Action-reaction pairs provide thrust.

Flashcard 24: Calculate the buoyant force on a 3 m³ object submerged in water ($\rho = 1000 \text{ kg/m}^3$).

Answer: Buoyant Force = 29400 N. Using $F_b = \rho Vg$ with given values.

Flashcard 25: Determine the pressure at a depth of 10 m in water ($\rho = 1000 \text{ kg/m}^3$, $g = 9.8 \text{ m/s}^2$).

Answer: Pressure = 98000 Pa. Using $P = \rho gh$ with given depth and constants.

Flashcard 26: What is the formula for kinetic energy?

Answer: Kinetic Energy = $\frac{1}{2}mv^2$. Energy of motion depends on mass and velocity squared.

Flashcard 27: What is the term for the force that opposes the relative motion of two surfaces in contact?

Answer: Friction. Contact force that resists sliding motion.

Flashcard 28: What is the formula for density?

Answer: Density = $\frac{m}{V}$. Mass divided by volume gives density.

Flashcard 29: What is the equation for potential energy due to gravity?

Answer: Potential Energy = $mgh$. Energy stored due to position in gravitational field.

Flashcard 30: Identify the relationship described by Bernoulli's Principle.

Answer: As the speed of a fluid increases, its pressure decreases. Higher velocity means lower pressure in flowing fluids.

Flashcard 31: What is the formula for gravitational force?

Answer: $F = \frac{Gm_1m_2}{r^2}$. Newton's universal law of gravitation.

Flashcard 32: What is the effect of increasing fluid velocity on pressure according to Bernoulli's Principle?

Answer: Pressure decreases. Inverse relationship between speed and pressure.

Flashcard 33: Identify the type of flow where fluid particles travel along irregular paths.

Answer: Turbulent flow. Chaotic, unpredictable fluid motion.

Flashcard 34: State the formula for the acceleration of an object.

Answer: Acceleration = $\frac{\Delta v}{\Delta t}$. Change in velocity over time.

Flashcard 35: What is the equation for hydrostatic pressure?

Answer: Hydrostatic Pressure = $\rho gh$. Pressure increases with depth in a fluid.

Flashcard 36: What is the formula for density?

Answer: Density = $\frac{m}{V}$. Mass divided by volume gives density.

Flashcard 37: State the formula for pressure.

Answer: Pressure = $\frac{F}{A}$. Force per unit area.

Flashcard 38: What is the effect of increasing fluid velocity on pressure according to Bernoulli's Principle?

Answer: Pressure decreases. Inverse relationship between speed and pressure.

Flashcard 39: Calculate the buoyant force on a 3 m³ object submerged in water ($\rho = 1000 \text{ kg/m}^3$).

Answer: Buoyant Force = 29400 N. Using $F_b = \rho Vg$ with given values.

Flashcard 40: What is the equation for potential energy due to gravity?

Answer: Potential Energy = $mgh$. Energy stored due to position in gravitational field.

Flashcard 41: Calculate the kinetic energy of a 2 kg object moving at 3 m/s.

Answer: Kinetic Energy = 9 J. Using $KE = \frac{1}{2}mv^2$ with $m = 2$ kg and $v = 3$ m/s.

Flashcard 42: What is the SI unit for pressure?

Answer: Pascal (Pa). One Pascal equals one Newton per square meter.

Flashcard 43: What is the term for the apparent loss of weight of an object immersed in a fluid?

Answer: Buoyancy. Upward force exerted by fluids on immersed objects.

Flashcard 44: What is the continuity equation for fluid flow?

Answer: $A_1v_1 = A_2v_2$. Conservation of mass in fluid flow.

Flashcard 45: What is the formula for buoyant force?

Answer: Buoyant Force = $\rho Vg$. Where $\rho$ is fluid density, $V$ is displaced volume.

Flashcard 46: Define Pascal's Principle.

Answer: A change in pressure applied to an enclosed fluid is transmitted undiminished throughout the fluid. Basis for hydraulic systems.

Flashcard 47: What is the formula for kinetic energy?

Answer: Kinetic Energy = $\frac{1}{2}mv^2$. Energy of motion depends on mass and velocity squared.

Flashcard 48: Identify the principle that explains why ships float.

Answer: Archimedes' Principle. States that buoyant force equals weight of displaced fluid.

Flashcard 49: Identify the force that opposes the motion of objects through a fluid.

Answer: Drag force. Opposes motion through air or water.

Flashcard 50: What is the continuity equation for fluid flow?

Answer: $A_1v_1 = A_2v_2$. Conservation of mass in fluid flow.

Flashcard 51: Calculate the pressure exerted by a 200 N force over an area of 2 m².

Answer: Pressure = 100 Pa. Using $P = \frac{F}{A}$ where $F = 200$ N and $A = 2$ m².

Flashcard 52: Which law explains the motion of a rocket in space?

Answer: Newton's Third Law. Action-reaction pairs provide thrust.

Flashcard 53: Determine the density of an object with mass 10 kg and volume 5 m³.

Answer: Density = 2 kg/m³. Using $\rho = \frac{m}{V}$ where $m = 10$ kg and $V = 5$ m³.

Flashcard 54: Calculate the work done by a 10 N force moving an object 5 m.

Answer: Work = 50 J. Using $W = Fd$ where $F = 10$ N and $d = 5$ m.

Flashcard 55: Determine the density of an object with mass 10 kg and volume 5 m³.

Answer: Density = 2 kg/m³. Using $\rho = \frac{m}{V}$ where $m = 10$ kg and $V = 5$ m³.

Flashcard 56: Identify the formula representing Hooke's Law.

Answer: $F = -kx$. Spring force proportional to displacement.

Flashcard 57: State the formula for pressure.

Answer: Pressure = $\frac{F}{A}$. Force per unit area.

Flashcard 58: Define Pascal's Principle.

Answer: A change in pressure applied to an enclosed fluid is transmitted undiminished throughout the fluid. Basis for hydraulic systems.

Flashcard 59: What is the acceleration of a 10 kg object under a 20 N net force?

Answer: Acceleration = 2 m/s². Using $a = \frac{F}{m}$ where $F = 20$ N and $m = 10$ kg.

Flashcard 60: What is the formula for calculating work done by a force?

Answer: Work = $F \cdot d \cdot \cos(\theta)$. Where $\theta$ is angle between force and displacement.

Flashcard 61: What is the term for the apparent loss of weight of an object immersed in a fluid?

Answer: Buoyancy. Upward force exerted by fluids on immersed objects.

Flashcard 62: What is the formula for calculating work done by a force?

Answer: Work = $F \cdot d \cdot \cos(\theta)$. Where $\theta$ is angle between force and displacement.

Flashcard 63: Identify the force that opposes the motion of objects through a fluid.

Answer: Drag force. Opposes motion through air or water.

Flashcard 64: Identify the type of fluid flow characterized by smooth, constant motion.

Answer: Laminar flow. Opposite of turbulent flow.

Flashcard 65: What property of a fluid is described by its resistance to flow?

Answer: Viscosity. Thick fluids have high viscosity.

Flashcard 66: State Newton's First Law of Motion.

Answer: An object at rest stays at rest, and an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by a net force. Known as the law of inertia.

Flashcard 67: What kind of force is required to change the velocity of an object?

Answer: Net force. Unbalanced forces cause acceleration.