SSRIs are a class of antidepressant drugs that help to treat major depressive disorder and various anxiety disorders. At a cellular level, SSRIs prevent the reuptake of serotonin, which allows the body to maintain a higher level of serotonin.

Antipsychotic medications are typically used to treat those with "schizophrenia." Specifically, this class of medications help to manage psychotic episodes, including the presence of delusions and hallucinations.

While scientists are still unsure why it works, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is known to relieve symptoms in some people with depression. It involves sedating the patient and applying electrical shocks to the brain via electrodes that induce a brief seizure. Current beliefs suggest that this series of electrical shocks changes or somehow “resets” brain chemistry and firing patterns, which in turn lead to the alleviation of symptoms seen in patients. The negative symptoms (e.g. memory loss during treatment, headache, muscle pain, etc.) are often quite uncomfortable; therefore, ECT is only used in extreme cases where other treatments have failed. While ECT may seem primitive or even unethical, its proven results mean it is still in use today.

Dopamine works with the brain's reward system, motivation, and executive functioning in the frontal lobes. A lack of dopamine can lead to attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, while too much can lead to aggression. Hyperactive, damaged, or a lack of dopamine receptors can lead to addictions, which attempt to increase dopamine levels in the brain.

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are commonly used to treat mood disorders. The other choices are used for other types of mental illnesses.

Depressants are drugs that reduce neural activity and slow down bodily functions. Cocaine is a stimulant, which increases neural activity and speeds up bodily functions. All of the other answer choices are depressants.

Trephination is "an early form of treatment for psychological disorders which involved drilling holes in the skull." The key to this answer is realizing that trephination is an early form of treatment. From there you can narrow it down to two different answers (i.e. "an early form of treatment for psychological disorders which involved drilling holes in the skull" and "an early form of treatment for psychological disorders which involved removing the spleen from the body). Since psychological disorders are associated with the mind or the brain, you can deduce that this treatment will involve the head (or in this case the skull). "A type of counseling where individuals are asked about their dreams" is indicative of dream analysis, while "a modern treatment for psychological disorders where the prefrontal lobe is severed" is a lobotomy and is rarely performed today.

Benzos enhance the effect of the neurotransmitter GABA. The GABA neurotransmitter suppresses the activity of nerves. By enhancing it's function, overactive nerve signals that are believed to increase anxiety are calmed down.

"Lithium" has been shown to be highly successful in treating the manic symptoms associated with bipolar disorder. It functions as an effective mood stabilizer for people with this disorder; furthermore, it has limited side effects in comparison to other common psychopharmacological treatments.

MAOIs have long held a stigma of being associated with fatal dietary and adverse drug reactions—including phenylamines and anesthetic medications. Despite this stigma, recent studies have indicated that some of this longstanding research was based on outmoded or misinterpreted methodology.