Human Development, Diversity, and Behavior in the Environment - ASWB Advanced Generalist Exam

The correct choice is the following: "none of these." Gerontologists study the social implications of aging and the role of aging adults in society. They define "invisible disabilities" as symptoms that limit an individual's ability but are not readily apparent to observers. All of the listed symptoms are considered to be invisible disabilities.

All of the choices are considered to be psychosocial stressors. Psychosocial stress is any sort of stress that originates from the interaction with people or society. This stress occurs when an individual creates a mental interpretation of a social threat and worry they may not have the resources to necessary to respond. These worries may be real or imaginary; however, they cause psychosocial stress in the individual.

"Zero tolerance" and "quality of life" policing practices are the products of the broken windows theory. The broken windows theory posits that if communities police misdemeanors such as the vandalism (i.e. the breaking of windows), then other crimes in the community will decrease. It is suggested that the enforcement of low-level crimes creates social conformity enforced by formal and informal social sanctions, which results in the deterrence of criminal activities. In New York City, Mayor Rudolph Giuliani used this theory to implement a policing initiative to stop so called "small crimes." Under this initiative, police enforced misdemeanor crimes such as turnstile jumping—where individual jump turnstiles in order to ride subways for free. This initiative resulted in a decline in criminal activity in the city.

"Social classes combat social inequalities by working towards egalitarianism" is not an essential component of conflict theory. Conflict or Marxist theory was developed using the works of Karl Marx. This theory states that society is in conflict that arises from the division of social classes, the unequal distribution of resources, and the power of the upperclass to exploit the poor. Under this theory, conflict arises when the poor develop a class consciousness that enables them to realize their exploitation and combat it. Egalitarianism is a societal ideal where all groups are granted equal power and resources. This is in direct opposition to the basic principles of conflict theory.

The correct choice is the following: "none of these." Gerontologists study the social implications of aging and the role of aging adults in society. They define "invisible disabilities" as symptoms that limit an individual's ability but are not readily apparent to observers. All of the listed symptoms are considered to be invisible disabilities.

All of the choices are considered to be psychosocial stressors. Psychosocial stress is any sort of stress that originates from the interaction with people or society. This stress occurs when an individual creates a mental interpretation of a social threat and worry they may not have the resources to necessary to respond. These worries may be real or imaginary; however, they cause psychosocial stress in the individual.

"Zero tolerance" and "quality of life" policing practices are the products of the broken windows theory. The broken windows theory posits that if communities police misdemeanors such as the vandalism (i.e. the breaking of windows), then other crimes in the community will decrease. It is suggested that the enforcement of low-level crimes creates social conformity enforced by formal and informal social sanctions, which results in the deterrence of criminal activities. In New York City, Mayor Rudolph Giuliani used this theory to implement a policing initiative to stop so called "small crimes." Under this initiative, police enforced misdemeanor crimes such as turnstile jumping—where individual jump turnstiles in order to ride subways for free. This initiative resulted in a decline in criminal activity in the city.

"Social classes combat social inequalities by working towards egalitarianism" is not an essential component of conflict theory. Conflict or Marxist theory was developed using the works of Karl Marx. This theory states that society is in conflict that arises from the division of social classes, the unequal distribution of resources, and the power of the upperclass to exploit the poor. Under this theory, conflict arises when the poor develop a class consciousness that enables them to realize their exploitation and combat it. Egalitarianism is a societal ideal where all groups are granted equal power and resources. This is in direct opposition to the basic principles of conflict theory.

The correct choice is the following: "none of these." Gerontologists study the social implications of aging and the role of aging adults in society. They define "invisible disabilities" as symptoms that limit an individual's ability but are not readily apparent to observers. All of the listed symptoms are considered to be invisible disabilities.

All of the choices are considered to be psychosocial stressors. Psychosocial stress is any sort of stress that originates from the interaction with people or society. This stress occurs when an individual creates a mental interpretation of a social threat and worry they may not have the resources to necessary to respond. These worries may be real or imaginary; however, they cause psychosocial stress in the individual.

"Zero tolerance" and "quality of life" policing practices are the products of the broken windows theory. The broken windows theory posits that if communities police misdemeanors such as the vandalism (i.e. the breaking of windows), then other crimes in the community will decrease. It is suggested that the enforcement of low-level crimes creates social conformity enforced by formal and informal social sanctions, which results in the deterrence of criminal activities. In New York City, Mayor Rudolph Giuliani used this theory to implement a policing initiative to stop so called "small crimes." Under this initiative, police enforced misdemeanor crimes such as turnstile jumping—where individual jump turnstiles in order to ride subways for free. This initiative resulted in a decline in criminal activity in the city.

"Social classes combat social inequalities by working towards egalitarianism" is not an essential component of conflict theory. Conflict or Marxist theory was developed using the works of Karl Marx. This theory states that society is in conflict that arises from the division of social classes, the unequal distribution of resources, and the power of the upperclass to exploit the poor. Under this theory, conflict arises when the poor develop a class consciousness that enables them to realize their exploitation and combat it. Egalitarianism is a societal ideal where all groups are granted equal power and resources. This is in direct opposition to the basic principles of conflict theory.

The correct choice is the following: "none of these." Gerontologists study the social implications of aging and the role of aging adults in society. They define "invisible disabilities" as symptoms that limit an individual's ability but are not readily apparent to observers. All of the listed symptoms are considered to be invisible disabilities.

All of the choices are considered to be psychosocial stressors. Psychosocial stress is any sort of stress that originates from the interaction with people or society. This stress occurs when an individual creates a mental interpretation of a social threat and worry they may not have the resources to necessary to respond. These worries may be real or imaginary; however, they cause psychosocial stress in the individual.

"Zero tolerance" and "quality of life" policing practices are the products of the broken windows theory. The broken windows theory posits that if communities police misdemeanors such as the vandalism (i.e. the breaking of windows), then other crimes in the community will decrease. It is suggested that the enforcement of low-level crimes creates social conformity enforced by formal and informal social sanctions, which results in the deterrence of criminal activities. In New York City, Mayor Rudolph Giuliani used this theory to implement a policing initiative to stop so called "small crimes." Under this initiative, police enforced misdemeanor crimes such as turnstile jumping—where individual jump turnstiles in order to ride subways for free. This initiative resulted in a decline in criminal activity in the city.

"Social classes combat social inequalities by working towards egalitarianism" is not an essential component of conflict theory. Conflict or Marxist theory was developed using the works of Karl Marx. This theory states that society is in conflict that arises from the division of social classes, the unequal distribution of resources, and the power of the upperclass to exploit the poor. Under this theory, conflict arises when the poor develop a class consciousness that enables them to realize their exploitation and combat it. Egalitarianism is a societal ideal where all groups are granted equal power and resources. This is in direct opposition to the basic principles of conflict theory.