DSQ: Calculating the surface area of a tetrahedron - GMAT Quantitative

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Question

Tetra_1

Note: Figure NOT drawn to scale.

Refer to the above tetrahedron or triangular pyramid. .

Calculate the surface area of the tetrahedron.

Statement 1: has perimeter 60.

Statement 2: has area 100.

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Answer

, , and , all being right triangles with the same leg lengths, are congruent, and, consequently, their diagonals are congruent, making equilateral.

Assume Statement 1 alone. The sidelength of equilateral is one third of its perimeter of 60, or 20. This is also the common length of the hypotenuses of isoseles right triangles , , and , so by the 45-45-90 Theorem, each leg length can be computed by dividing 20 by :

Assume Statement 2 alone. has area 100; since the area of a right triangle is half the product of the lengths of its legs, we can find the common leg length using this formula:

This is the common length of the legs of the three right triangles; by the 45-45-90 Theorem, each hypotenuse - and each side of equilateral - is times this, or .

Therefore, from either statement alone, the lengths of all sides of the tetrahedron can be found, and the area formulas for a right triangle and an equilateral can be applied to find the areas of all four faces.

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