Read the passage, then answer. In 1883, a huge volcano on an island in Indonesia erupts. The island is called Krakatoa, and it sits between Java and Sumatra. For weeks, people nearby notice ash in the sky and strange rumbling sounds. Then, on August 27, several massive explosions shake the region. The sound travels far across the ocean. The air fills with thick ash, and the sky turns dark. Some areas experience giant ocean waves after the blasts. Scientists later study the event by collecting reports from ships and towns. They learn that the eruption sends dust high into the atmosphere. For months afterward, sunsets around the world look unusually red and bright. People in faraway places notice the colorful skies without knowing why. The eruption also changes the island itself. Much of Krakatoa collapses, and new land slowly forms later. The event reminds scientists that volcanoes can affect the whole planet, not just nearby areas. It also shows the value of careful observation. By comparing many reports, researchers piece together what happened. The passage helps readers understand how one natural event can have wide effects. Select the statement that best captures the essence of the text.
- Krakatoa’s 1883 eruption causes worldwide effects, and scientists learn from reports. (correct answer)
- All volcanoes erupt every year and always create new islands immediately.
- Krakatoa erupts once, but only people on the island notice anything unusual.
- Scientists stop studying volcanoes because eruptions cannot be understood.
Explanation: This question tests ISEE Lower Level reading comprehension skills: choosing the best summary that matches the passage. A good summary captures the main idea and key details, maintaining the passage's tone and scope. In this passage, the 1883 Krakatoa eruption's worldwide effects like colorful sunsets provide a clear indication of the main idea, supported by scientists' use of reports to study the event. Choice A is correct because it accurately reflects the passage's intent and main points without adding or omitting crucial information. Choice B is incorrect because it overgeneralizes by claiming all volcanoes erupt every year and always create new islands immediately. To help students: Encourage identifying key ideas and supporting details, practice summarizing varied texts, and teach strategies for distinguishing between minor details and main ideas. Watch for students who struggle with identifying the passage's tone or scope.