Algebraic Fractions - PSAT Math

Card 0 of 644

Question

Solve

Answer

The common denominator of the left side is x(x–1). Multiplying the top and bottom of 1/x by (x–1) yields

Since this statement is true, there are infinitely many solutions.

Compare your answer with the correct one above

Question

Evaluate when x=11. Round to the nearest tenth.

Answer

Wherever there is an x, plug in 11 and perform the given operations. The numerator will be equal to 83 and the denominator will be equal to 46. 83 divided by 46 is equal to 1.804… and since the second decimal place is not greater than or equal to 5, the first decimal place stays the same when rounding so the final answer is 1.8.

Compare your answer with the correct one above

Question

Simplify: $(\frac{x-4}{0.5})\div (\frac{1}{x+4})$

Answer

Recall that dividing is equivalent multiplying by the reciprocal. Therefore, ((x - 4) / (1 / 2)) / (1 / (x + 4)) = ((x - 4) * 2) * (x + 4) / 1.

Let's simplify this further:

(2x – 8) * (x + 4) = 2x2 – 8x + 8x – 32 = 2x2 – 32

Compare your answer with the correct one above

Question

If 3x = 12, y/4 = 10, and 4z = 9, what is the value of (10xyz)/xy?

Answer

Solve for the variables, the plug into formula.

x = 12/3 = 4

y = 10 * 4 = 40

z= 9/4 = 2 1/4

10xyz = 3600

Xy = 160

3600/160 = 22 1/2

Compare your answer with the correct one above

Question

Mary walked to school at an average speed of 2 miles per hour and jogged back along the same route at an average speed of 6 miles per hour. If her total traveling time was 1 hour, what was the total number of miles in the round trip?

Answer

Since Mary traveled 3 times as quickly coming from school as she did going to school (6 miles per hour compared to 2 miles per hour), we know that Mary spent only a third of the time coming from school as she did going. If x represents the number of hours it took to get to school, then x/3 represents the number of hours it took her to return.

Knowing that the total trip took 1 hour, we have:

x + x/3 = 1

3x/3 + 1x/3 = 1

4_x_/3 = 1

x = 3/4

So we know it took Mary 3/4 of an hour to travel to school (and the remaining 1/4 of an hour to get back).

Remembering that distance = rate * time, the distance Mary traveled on her way to school was (2 miles per hour) * (3/4 of an hour) = 3/2 miles. Furthermore, since she took the same route coming back, she must have traveled 3/2 of a mile to return as well.

Therefore, the the total number of miles in Mary's round trip is 3/2 miles + 3/2 miles = 6/2 miles = 3 miles.

Compare your answer with the correct one above

Question

According the pie chart, the degree measure of the sector representing the number of workers spending 5 to 9 years in the same role is how much greater in the construction industry chart than in the financial industry chart?

Answer

Since the values in the pie charts are currently in terms of percentages (/100), we must convert them to degrees (/360, since within a circle) to solve the question. The "5 to 9 years" portion for the financial and construction industries are 18 and 25 percent, respectively. As such, we can cross-multiply both:

18/100 = x/360

x = 65 degrees

25/100 = y/360

y = 90 degrees

Subtract: 90 – 65 = 25 degrees

Alternatively, we could first subtract the percentages (25 – 18 = 7), then convert the 7% to degree form via the same method of cross-multiplication.

Compare your answer with the correct one above

Question

6 contestants have an equal chance of winning a game. One contestant is disqualified, so now the 5 remaining contestants again have an equal chance of winning. How much more likely is a contestant to win after the disqualification?

Answer

When there are 6 people playing, each contestant has a 1/6 chance of winning. After the disqualification, the remaining contestants have a 1/5 chance of winning.

1/5 – 1/6 = 6/30 – 5/30 = 1/30.

Compare your answer with the correct one above

Question

If $w=\frac{1}{8}$ then which of the following is equal to $w^\frac{2}{3}$ ?

Answer

To raise $\frac{1}{8}$ to the exponent $\frac{2}{3}$ , square $\frac{1}{8}$ and then take the cube root.

$w^\frac{2}{3}=\sqrt[3]{w^2}$

$(\frac{1}{8})^\frac{2}{3}=\sqrt[3]{(\frac{1}{8})^2}=\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{64}}$

$\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{64}}=\frac{1}{4}$

$(\frac{1}{8})^{\frac{2}{3}}=\frac{1}{4}$

Compare your answer with the correct one above

Question

For this question, the following trigonometric identities apply:

$\csc x=\frac{1}{\sin x}$ ,

$\sec x=\frac{1}{\cos x}$

$\cot x=\frac{1}{\tan x}$

Simplify: $\sin ^{2}x\csc x\cot x$

Answer

To begin a problem like this, you must first convert everything to $\sin x$ and $\cos x$ alone. This way, you can begin to cancel and combine to its most simplified form.

Since $\csc x=\frac{1}{\sin x}$ and $\cot x=\frac{\cos x}{\sin x}$ , we insert those identities into the equation as follows.

$\sin ^{2}x\cdot \frac{1}{\sin x}\cdot \frac{\cos x}{\sin x}$

From here we combine the numerator and denominators of each fraction together to easily see what we can combine and cancel.

$\frac{\sin^{2}x\cdot \cos x}{\sin x\cdot \sin x}$

Since there is a $\sin ^{2}x$ in the numerator and the denominator, we can cancel them as they divide to equal 1. All we have left is $\cos x$ , the answer.

Compare your answer with the correct one above

Question

If pizzas cost dollars and sodas cost dollars, what is the cost of pizzas and sodas in terms of and ?

Answer

If 10 pizzas cost x dollars, then each pizza costs x/10. Similarly, each soda costs y/6. We can add the pizzas and sodas together by finding a common denominator:

$2\frac{x}{10}+2\frac{y}{6}=\frac{x}{5}+\frac{y}{3}=\frac{3x}{35}+\frac{5y}{53}=\frac{3x+5y}{15}$

Compare your answer with the correct one above

Question

$\frac{7^{12}-7^{10}}{7^{11}-7^{9}}=$

Answer

Factor out 7 from the numerator: $\frac{7(7^{11}-7^{9})}{7^{11}-7^{9}}$

This simplifies to 7.

Compare your answer with the correct one above

Question

If $x =\frac{1}{2}$ and $y=\frac{2}{3}$ , then which of the following is equal to $\frac{2}{x+y}$ ?

Answer

In order to solve $\frac{2}{x+y}$ , first substitute the values of and provided in the problem:

$\frac{2}{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{2}{3}}$

Find the Least Common Multiple (LCM) of the fractional terms in the denominator and find the equivalent fractions with the same common denominator:

$\frac{2}{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{2}{3}}$

$=\frac{2}{\frac{3}{6}+\frac{4}{6}}$

$=\frac{2}{\frac{7}{6}}$

Finally, in order to divide by a fraction, we must multiply by the reciprocal of the fraction:

$=2\times \frac{6}{7}$

$=\frac{12}{7}$

Compare your answer with the correct one above

Question

If , , and , find the value of $\frac{2x+y}{z}$ .

Answer

In order to solve $\frac{2x+y}{z}$ , we must first find the values of , , and using the initial equations provided. Starting with :

$x=\frac{55}{5}=11$

Then:

Finally:

With the values of , , and in hand, we can solve the final equation:

$\frac{2x+y}{z}$

$=\frac{2(11)+12}{10}$

$=\frac{22+12}{10}$

$=\frac{34}{10}$

$=\frac{17}{5}$

Compare your answer with the correct one above

Question

Find the value of if $w=\bigg(\frac{1}{3}+y\bigg)^{2}$ and $y=\frac{1}{9}$ .

Answer

In order to solve for , first substitute $y=\frac{1}{9}$ into the equation for :

$w=\bigg(\frac{1}{3}+y\bigg)^{2}$

$w=\bigg(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{9}\bigg)^{2}$

Then, find the Least Common Multiple (LCM) of the two fractions and generate equivalent fractions with the same denominator:

$w=\bigg(\frac{3}{9}+\frac{1}{9}\bigg)^{2}$

Finally, simplify the equation:

$w=\bigg(\frac{4}{9}\bigg)^{2}$

$w=\frac{16}{81}$

Compare your answer with the correct one above

Question

Evaluate the following equation when and round your answer to the nearest hundredth.

$\frac{x^{3}-2x^{2}-3x+5}{5x+3}$

Answer

$\frac{x^{3}-2x^{2}-3x+5}{5x+3}$

1. Plug in wherever there is an in the above equation.

$\frac{5^{3}-(2)(5^{2})-(3)(5)+5}{(5)(5)+3}$

2. Perform the above operations.

$\frac{5^{3}-(2)(25)-(3)(5)+5}{(5)(5)+3}$

$\frac{125-50-15+5}{25+3}$

$\frac{65}{28}=2.32$

Compare your answer with the correct one above

Question

Simplify:

$\frac{\frac{1}{4}+\frac{5}{7}}{\frac{2}{5}}$

Answer

Begin by simplifying the numerator.

$\frac{1}{4}+\frac{5}{7}$ has a common denominator of . Therefore, we can rewrite it as:

$\frac{7}{28}+\frac{20}{28}=\frac{27}{28}$

Now, in our original problem this is really is:

$\frac{\frac{27}{28}}{\frac{2}{5}}$

When you divide by a fraction, you really multiply by the reciprocal:

$\frac{\frac{27}{28}}{\frac{2}{5}}=\frac{27}{28} \cdot\frac{5}{2}=\frac{135}{56}$

Compare your answer with the correct one above

Question

Simplify:

$\frac{\frac{81}{5}+\frac{7}{25}}{\frac{1}{9}-\frac{2}{7}}$

Answer

Begin by simplifying the numerator and the denominator.

Numerator

$\frac{81}{5}+\frac{7}{25}$ has a common denominator of . Therefore, we have:

$\frac{405}{25}+\frac{7}{25} = \frac{412}{25}$

Denominator

$\frac{1}{9}-\frac{2}{7}$ has a common denominator of . Therefore, we have:

$\frac{7}{63}-\frac{18}{63}=-\frac{11}{63}$

Now, reconstructing our fraction, we have:

$\frac{\frac{412}{25}}{-\frac{11}{63}}$

To make this division work, you multiply the numerator by the reciprocal of the denominator:

$\frac{\frac{412}{25}}{-\frac{11}{63}} = \frac{412}{25} \cdot -\frac{63}{11} =-\frac{25956}{275}$

Compare your answer with the correct one above

Question

Solve for :

$\frac{3x}{8}+12=\frac{1}{3}-2x$

Answer

Begin by isolating the variables:

$\frac{3x}{8}+2x=\frac{1}{3}-12$

Now, the common denominator of the variable terms is . The common denominator of the constant values is . Thus, you can rewrite your equation:

$\frac{3x}{8}+\frac{16x}{8}=\frac{1}{3}-\frac{36}{3}$

Simplify:

$\frac{19x}{8}=-\frac{35}{3}$

Cross-multiply:

Simplify:

Finally, solve for :

$x = -\frac{280}{57}$

Compare your answer with the correct one above

Question

Define the functions and as follows:

$f(x) = \frac{5}{x-4}$ and $g(x) = \frac{2x-8}{x-7}$

Give the domain of the function .

Answer

The domain of the product of two functions is the intersection of the domains of the individual functions.

The domain of is restricted to all values of that yield a nonzero denominator. Since this means that

,

then, subsequently,

,

so the domain is the set of all real numbers except 4.

Similarly, the domain of is restricted to all values of that yield a nonzero denominator. This set is found to be the set of all real numbers except 7.

The intersection of these sets is the set of all real numbers except 4 and 7, or

$\left (-\infty, 4 \right ) \cup \left ( 4,7\right ) \cup \left ( 7, \infty \right )$ .

Compare your answer with the correct one above

Question

If the average (arithmetic mean) of , , and is , what is the average of , , and ?

Answer

If we can find the sum of $\dpi{100} \small x+2$ , $\dpi{100} \small y-6$ , and 10, we can determine their average. There is not enough information to solve for $\dpi{100} \small x$ or $\dpi{100} \small y$ individually, but we can find their sum, $\dpi{100} \small x+y$ .

Write out the average formula for the original three quantities. Remember, adding together and dividing by the number of quantities gives the average: $\frac{x + y + 9}{3} = 12$

Isolate $\dpi{100} \small x+y$ :

$x + y + 9 = 36$

$x + y = 27$

Write out the average formula for the new three quantities:

$\frac{x + 2 + y - 6 + 10}{3} = ?$

Combine the integers in the numerator:

$\frac{x + y + 6}{3} = ?$

Replace $\dpi{100} \small x+y$ with 27:

$\frac{27+ 6}{3} = \frac{33}{3} = 11$

Compare your answer with the correct one above

Tap the card to reveal the answer