ACT Math : ACT Math

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for ACT Math

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Example Questions

Example Question #1 : How To Find Absolute Value

What are the values of a and b, if any, where –a|b + 7| > 0?

Possible Answers:

a>0 and b not equal to 7

a<0 and b = 7

a>0 and b not equal to 7

a<0 and b not equal to 7

Correct answer:

a<0 and b not equal to 7

Explanation:

The absolute value will always yield a positive, as long it is not zero. Therefore, b cannot equal 7. For the value to be positive, a must be a negative number.

Example Question #4 : How To Find Absolute Value

What is the absolute value of 19 – 36(3) + 2(4 – 87)?

Possible Answers:

168

–255

293

–168

255

Correct answer:

255

Explanation:

19 – 36(3) + 2(4 – 87) =

19 – 108 + 2(–83) =

19 – 108 – 166 = –255

Absolute value is the non-negative value of the expression

Example Question #5 : How To Find Absolute Value

Solve for z where | z + 1 | < 3

Possible Answers:

1 < z

–4 < z

z < 1 or z > 3x

1 < z < 3

–4 < z < 2

Correct answer:

–4 < z < 2

Explanation:

Absolute value problems generally have two answers:

z + 1 < 3 or z + 1 > –3 and subtracting 1 from each side gives z < 2 or z > –4 which bcomes –4 < z < 2

Example Question #2 : How To Find Absolute Value

Find the absolute value of the following when x = 2,

\(\displaystyle \left | \frac{x^3-12}{2}\right |\)

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle -10\)

\(\displaystyle -2\)

\(\displaystyle 2\)

\(\displaystyle 10\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 2\)

Explanation:

\(\displaystyle 2^{3}=8\)

\(\displaystyle 8-12=-4\) and \(\displaystyle \frac{-4}{2}=-2\)

It is important to know that the absolute value of something is always positive so the absolute value of \(\displaystyle -2\) is \(\displaystyle 2\)

2 is your answer.

Example Question #1751 : Act Math

Evaluate for \(\displaystyle x = 2\):

\(\displaystyle \left | 2x - 18 \right | + \left | 3x - 7 \right |\)

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 13\)

\(\displaystyle 27\)

\(\displaystyle 21\)

\(\displaystyle 23\)

\(\displaystyle 15\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 15\)

Explanation:

\(\displaystyle \left | 2x -18 \right | + \left | 3x - 7 \right |\)

\(\displaystyle = \left | 2 \cdot 2 - 18 \right | + \left | 3 \cdot 2 - 7 \right |\)

\(\displaystyle = \left | 4 - 18 \right | + \left | 6 - 7 \right |\)

\(\displaystyle = \left | -14 \right | + \left | -1 \right |\)

\(\displaystyle =14 + 1 = 15\)

Example Question #1 : Absolute Value

Evaluate for \(\displaystyle x = 0.6\) :

\(\displaystyle \left | 4x - 1.4 \right | + \left | x^{2} - 1 \right |\)

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 2.36\)

\(\displaystyle 0.36\)

\(\displaystyle 0.64\)

\(\displaystyle 1.64\)

\(\displaystyle 1.36\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 1.64\)

Explanation:

Substitute 0.6 for \(\displaystyle x\) :

\(\displaystyle \left | 4x - 1.4 \right | + \left | x^{2} - 1 \right |\)

\(\displaystyle = \left | 4 \cdot 0.6 - 1.4 \right | + \left | 0.6^{2} - 1 \right |\)

\(\displaystyle = \left | 2.4 - 1.4 \right | + \left | 0.36 - 1 \right |\)

\(\displaystyle = \left | 1 \right | + \left | -0.64 \right |\)

\(\displaystyle =1 + 0.64\)

\(\displaystyle = 1.64\)

Example Question #1 : Absolute Value

Evaluate for \(\displaystyle x = 0.6\):

\(\displaystyle \left |0.5 x - 0.7 \right | - \left |0.6 x - 0.4 \right |\)

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 0.96\)

\(\displaystyle 1.04\)

\(\displaystyle 0.36\)

\(\displaystyle 0.76\)

\(\displaystyle 0.44\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 0.36\)

Explanation:

Substitute \(\displaystyle x = 0.6\).

\(\displaystyle \left |0.5 x - 0.7 \right | - \left |0.6 x - 0.4 \right |\)

\(\displaystyle = \left |0.5 \cdot 0.6 - 0.7 \right | - \left |0.6 \cdot 0.6 - 0.4 \right |\)

\(\displaystyle = \left |0.3- 0.7 \right | - \left |0.36 - 0.4 \right |\)

\(\displaystyle = \left |-0.4 \right | - \left | - 0.04 \right |\)

\(\displaystyle = 0.4 - 0.04 = 0.36\)

Example Question #881 : Arithmetic

Which of the following sentences is represented by the equation 

\(\displaystyle | x + 7 | = x - 3\)

Possible Answers:

The sum of three and the absolute value of the sum of a number is three greater than the number.

The sum of three and the absolute value of the sum of a number is three less than the number.

The absolute value of the sum of a number and seven is three less than the number.

None of the other responses are correct.

The absolute value of the sum of a number and seven is three greater than the number.

Correct answer:

The absolute value of the sum of a number and seven is three less than the number.

Explanation:

\(\displaystyle | x + 7 |\) is the absolute value of \(\displaystyle x+ 7\), which in turn is the sum of a number and  seven and a number. Therefore, \(\displaystyle | x + 7 |\) can be written as "the absolute value of the sum of a number and seven". Since it is equal to \(\displaystyle x - 3\), it is three less than the number, so the equation that corresponds to the sentence is 

"The absolute value of the sum of a number and seven is three less than the number."

Example Question #1 : Absolute Value

Define \(\displaystyle f(x) = |3x - |x^{2}- 7|\; |\)

Evaluate \(\displaystyle f(2)\).

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 5\)

\(\displaystyle 9\)

\(\displaystyle 17\)

\(\displaystyle 3\)

None of the other responses is correct.

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 3\)

Explanation:

\(\displaystyle f(x) = |3x - |x^{2}- 7|\; |\)

\(\displaystyle f(2) = |3 \cdot 2 - |2^{2}- 7|\; |\)

\(\displaystyle = |3 \cdot 2 - |4- 7|\; |\)

\(\displaystyle = |3 \cdot 2 - |-3|\; |\)

\(\displaystyle = |3 \cdot 2 -3 |\)

\(\displaystyle = |6 -3 |\)

\(\displaystyle = | 3 |\)

\(\displaystyle = 3\)

Example Question #1752 : Act Math

Define an operation \(\displaystyle \blacktriangledown\) as follows:

For all real numbers \(\displaystyle a,b\),

\(\displaystyle a \blacktriangledown b= \frac{a+1}{\left | a\right |+ \left | b\right |}\)

Evaluate: \(\displaystyle \frac{4}{5} \blacktriangledown \left (-\frac{4}{5} \right )\).

Possible Answers:

None of the other responses is correct.

\(\displaystyle \frac{5}{8}\)

The expression is undefined.

\(\displaystyle 0\)

\(\displaystyle 1 \frac{1}{8}\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 1 \frac{1}{8}\)

Explanation:

\(\displaystyle a \blacktriangledown b= \frac{a+1}{\left | a\right |+ \left | b\right |}\), or, equivalently,

\(\displaystyle a \blacktriangledown b=\left ( a+1 \right ) \div ( | a |+ | b | )\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{4}{5} \blacktriangledown \left (-\frac{4}{5} \right )=\left ( \frac{4}{5}+1 \right ) \div \left (\left| \frac{4}{5} \right |+ \left |- \frac{4}{5}\right | \right )\)

\(\displaystyle = \frac{9}{5} \div \left ( \frac{4}{5} +\frac{4}{5} \right )\)

\(\displaystyle = \frac{9}{5} \div \frac{8}{5}\)

\(\displaystyle = \frac{9}{5} \times \frac{5}{8}\)

\(\displaystyle = \frac{9}{8}\)

\(\displaystyle =1 \frac{1}{8}\)

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