Advanced Geometry : Solid Geometry

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for Advanced Geometry

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Example Questions

Example Question #11 : Tetrahedrons

A regular tetrahedron has surface area 1,000. Which of the following comes closest to the length of one edge?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 20\)

\(\displaystyle 30\)

\(\displaystyle 10\)

\(\displaystyle 40\)

\(\displaystyle 50\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 20\)

Explanation:

A regular tetrahedron has six congruent edges and, as its faces, four congruent equilateral triangles. If we let \(\displaystyle s\) be the length of one edge, each face has as its area

\(\displaystyle A = \frac{s^{2} \sqrt{3}}{4}\);

the total surface area of the tetrahedron is therefore four times this, or

\(\displaystyle S = 4A\)

\(\displaystyle S = 4 \cdot \frac{s^{2} \sqrt{3}}{4}\)

\(\displaystyle S = s^{2} \sqrt{3}\)

Set \(\displaystyle S = 1,000\) and solve for \(\displaystyle s\):

\(\displaystyle s^{2} \sqrt{3} = 1,000\)

Divide by \(\displaystyle \sqrt{3}\):

\(\displaystyle \frac{s^{2} \sqrt{3} }{ \sqrt{3} }= \frac{1,000}{ \sqrt{3} }\)

\(\displaystyle s^{2} = \frac{1,000}{1.7321 }\)

\(\displaystyle s^{2} \approx 577.3503\)

Take the square root of both sides:

\(\displaystyle s \approx \sqrt{577.3503}\)

\(\displaystyle s \approx 24.0281\)

Of the given choices, 20 comes closest.

 

 

Example Question #12 : Tetrahedrons

Tetra

The above figure shows a triangular pyramid, or tetrahedron, on the three-dimensional coordinate axes. The tetrahedron has volume 1,000. Which of the following is closest to the value of \(\displaystyle r\)?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 20\)

\(\displaystyle 30\)

\(\displaystyle 35\)

\(\displaystyle 15\)

\(\displaystyle 25\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 20\)

Explanation:

If we take the triangle on the \(\displaystyle xy\)-plane to be the base of the pyramid, this base has legs both of length \(\displaystyle r\); its area is half the product of the lengths which is 

\(\displaystyle B = \frac{1}{2} ab = \frac{1}{2} r ^{2}\)

Its height is the length of the side along the \(\displaystyle z\)-axis, which is also of length \(\displaystyle r\)

The volume of a pyramid is equal to one third the product of its height and the area of its base, so 

\(\displaystyle V = \frac{1}{3} \cdot r \cdot \frac{1}{2} r ^{2}\)

\(\displaystyle = \frac{1}{3} \cdot \frac{1}{2}\cdot r \cdot r ^{2}\)

\(\displaystyle = \frac{1}{6} r ^{3}\)

Setting the volume \(\displaystyle V\) equal to 1,000, we can solve for \(\displaystyle r\):

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{6} r ^{3} = 1,000\)

Multiply both sides by 6:

\(\displaystyle 6\cdot \frac{1}{6} r ^{3} =6\cdot 1,000\)

\(\displaystyle r ^{3} =6 ,000\)

Take the cube root of both sides:

\(\displaystyle r =\sqrt[3]{6 ,000}\)

\(\displaystyle r \approx 18.2\)

The closest choice is 20.

Example Question #1 : How To Find The Diagonal Of A Tetrahedron

Given a regular tetrahedron with an edge of \(\displaystyle \small 10 cm\), what is the height (or diagonal)? The height is the line drawn from one vertex perpendicular to the opposite face.Tetrahedron_10

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle \small \small \frac{\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{3}} cm\)

None of the above.

\(\displaystyle \small \small \frac{1}{5}\sqrt{3} cm\)

\(\displaystyle \small \small 5\sqrt{3} cm\)

\(\displaystyle \small \small 10\sqrt{\frac{2}{3}} cm\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle \small \small 10\sqrt{\frac{2}{3}} cm\)

Explanation:

The height of a regular tetrahedron can be derived from the formula 

\(\displaystyle \small h= \sqrt{\frac{2}{3}}a\) where \(\displaystyle \small a\) is the length of one edge.

Therefore, plugging in the side length of \(\displaystyle 10cm\),

\(\displaystyle h=\sqrt\frac{2}{3}\cdot 10\).

Example Question #11 : Tetrahedrons

Given a regular tetrahedron with an edge of \(\displaystyle \small \small 20 cm\), what is the height (or diagonal)? The height is the line drawn from one vertex perpendicular to the opposite face.

Tetrahedron_20

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle \small 10\sqrt{2}cm\)

\(\displaystyle \small 10\sqrt{\frac{2}{3}}cm\)

None of the above.

\(\displaystyle \small 20\sqrt{\frac{2}{3}}cm\)

\(\displaystyle \small 20\sqrt{2}cm\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle \small 20\sqrt{\frac{2}{3}}cm\)

Explanation:

The height of a regular tetrahedron can be derived from the formula \(\displaystyle \small h= \sqrt{\frac{2}{3}}a\) where \(\displaystyle \small a\) is the length of one edge.

Plugging in \(\displaystyle a=20\) we can solve for \(\displaystyle h\).

\(\displaystyle \small h= \sqrt{\frac{2}{3}}\cdot 20\)

Example Question #1 : How To Find The Diagonal Of A Tetrahedron

Find the height of this regular tetrahedron:

Tetrahedron

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle \sqrt{2}\)

\(\displaystyle 2\)

\(\displaystyle 4\)

\(\displaystyle 2\sqrt{2}\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 2\sqrt{2}\)

Explanation:

The height of a regular tetrahedron can be found using the formula \(\displaystyle h=\sqrt{\frac{2}{3}}\cdot s\) where s is the length of the sides.

In this case, the sides have length \(\displaystyle 2\sqrt{3}\), so we are multiplying \(\displaystyle \sqrt{\frac{2}{3}}\cdot 2\sqrt{3}\).

We can simplify this by multiplying the numbers inside the radical:

\(\displaystyle 2\sqrt{\frac{2}{3}\cdot 3}\), which simplifies to \(\displaystyle 2\sqrt{2}\).

Example Question #1 : How To Find The Surface Area Of A Tetrahedron

What is the surface area of the following tetrahedron? Assume the figure is a regular tetrahedron.

Tetrahedron

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 8\sqrt{3}m^2\)

\(\displaystyle 3\sqrt{3}m^2\)

\(\displaystyle 2\sqrt{3}m^2\)

\(\displaystyle 4\sqrt{3}m^2\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}m^2\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 4\sqrt{3}m^2\)

Explanation:

A tetrahedron is a three-dimensonal figure where each side is an equilateral triangle. Therefore, each angle in the triangle is \(\displaystyle 60^{\circ}\).

In the figure, we know the value of the side \(\displaystyle (2\: m)\) and the value of the base \(\displaystyle (1\: m)\). Since dividing the triangle by half creates a \(\displaystyle 30^{\circ}-60^{\circ}-90^{\circ}\) triangle, we know the value of \(\displaystyle h\) must be \(\displaystyle \sqrt{3}\: m\).

Therefore, the area of one side of the tetrahedron is:

\(\displaystyle A = (b)(h) = (1\: m)(\sqrt{3}\: m) = \sqrt{3}\: m^2\)

Since there are four sides of a tetrahedron, the surface area is:

\(\displaystyle SA = 4 (b)(h) = 4\sqrt{3}\: m^2\)

Example Question #2 : How To Find The Surface Area Of A Tetrahedron

A regular tetrahedron has side lengths \(\displaystyle s=1\). What is the surface area of the described solid?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle \sqrt{3}\)

\(\displaystyle 2\)

\(\displaystyle 4\sqrt{3}\)

\(\displaystyle 2\sqrt3\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle \sqrt{3}\)

Explanation:

The area of one face of the triangle can be found either through trigonometry or the Pythagorean Theorem.

Since all the sides of the triangle are \(\displaystyle 1\), the height is then\(\displaystyle \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\), so the area of each face is:

\(\displaystyle \frac{bh}{2}=\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 \cdot \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{4}\)

There are four faces, so the area of the tetrahedron is:

 \(\displaystyle 4 \cdot \frac{bh}{2}=\sqrt3\)

Example Question #3 : How To Find The Surface Area Of A Tetrahedron

Find the surface area of a regular tetrahedron with a side length of \(\displaystyle 4\).

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 2\sqrt3\)

\(\displaystyle 16\sqrt3\)

\(\displaystyle 8\sqrt3\)

\(\displaystyle 4\sqrt3\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 16\sqrt3\)

Explanation:

Use the following formula to find the surface area of a regular tetrahedron.

\(\displaystyle \text{Surface Area}=\sqrt3 (side^2)\)

Now, substitute in the value of the side length into the equation.

\(\displaystyle \text{Surface Area}=\sqrt3(4^2)=16\sqrt3\)

Example Question #1 : How To Find The Surface Area Of A Tetrahedron

Find the surface area of a regular tetrahedron with a side length of \(\displaystyle 12\).

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 36\sqrt3\)

\(\displaystyle 144\sqrt3\)

\(\displaystyle 96\sqrt3\)

\(\displaystyle 12\sqrt3\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 144\sqrt3\)

Explanation:

Use the following formula to find the surface area of a regular tetrahedron.

\(\displaystyle \text{Surface Area}=\sqrt3 (side^2)\)

Now, substitute in the value of the side length into the equation.

\(\displaystyle \text{Surface Area}=\sqrt3(12^2)=144\sqrt3\)

Example Question #2 : How To Find The Surface Area Of A Tetrahedron

In terms of \(\displaystyle x\), find the surface area of a regular tetrahedron that has a side length of \(\displaystyle 5x\).

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 5x^2\sqrt3\)

\(\displaystyle 125x^2\sqrt3\)

\(\displaystyle 25x\sqrt3\)

\(\displaystyle 25x^2\sqrt3\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 25x^2\sqrt3\)

Explanation:

Use the following formula to find the surface area of a regular tetrahedron.

\(\displaystyle \text{Surface Area}=\sqrt3 (side^2)\)

Now, substitute in the value of the side length into the equation.

\(\displaystyle \text{Surface Area}=\sqrt3(5x)^2=25x^2\sqrt3\)

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