Algebra 1 : How to find the equation of a line

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for Algebra 1

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Example Questions

Example Question #61 : Slope And Line Equations

What is the equation of the line if the line connects the points \(\displaystyle (1,3)\) and \(\displaystyle (1,6)\)?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle x=\infty\)

\(\displaystyle x=1\)

\(\displaystyle y=1\)

\(\displaystyle \textup{There is no equation possible.}\)

\(\displaystyle y=\infty\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle x=1\)

Explanation:

If we chose to use the slope formula to determine a possible slope, we have:

\(\displaystyle m= \frac{y_2-y_1}{x_2-x_1} = \frac{6-3}{1-1} = \frac{3}{0}\)

Our slope becomes undefined.  The x-values will not change, and we are not able to write this in the slope-intercept form.

This line is a vertical line, and will be represented by \(\displaystyle x=1\) because the x-values will not change in a vertical line.

The answer is: \(\displaystyle x=1\)

Example Question #61 : How To Find The Equation Of A Line

Determine the equation for the line, in slope intercept form, given a slope of \(\displaystyle 4\) and that it passes through the point \(\displaystyle (1, 5)\).

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle y=x+4\)

\(\displaystyle y=4x-9\)

\(\displaystyle y=4x+1\)

\(\displaystyle y=x+5\)

\(\displaystyle y=4x+9\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle y=4x+1\)

Explanation:

To determine the equation for the line given only a point on the line and its slope, we can use point-slope form, which is given by the following:

\(\displaystyle y-y_{1}=m(x-x_{1})\), where \(\displaystyle m\) is the slope of the line and \(\displaystyle (x_{1}, y_{1})\) is the point on the line.

Using the formula, we get

\(\displaystyle y-5=4(x-1)\), which simplified becomes \(\displaystyle y=4x+1\).

Example Question #153 : Equations Of Lines

What is the equation of a line with a slope of \(\displaystyle 3\) and a y-intercept of \(\displaystyle 3\)?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle y=-3x+3\)

\(\displaystyle 3x+3y=0\)

\(\displaystyle y=3x+3\)

\(\displaystyle 3x+3y=1\)

\(\displaystyle y=3x-3\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle y=3x+3\)

Explanation:

Write the slope-intercept form for linear equations.

\(\displaystyle y=mx+b\)

The \(\displaystyle m\) is the slope of the equation, and \(\displaystyle b\) is the y-intercept.

Substitute the values into the equation.

The equation of the line is:  \(\displaystyle y=3x+3\)

Example Question #401 : Functions And Lines

Given the slope of a line is five, and a point on the graph is \(\displaystyle (5,3)\), write the equation of the line in point-slope form.

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle y=5x+22\)

\(\displaystyle y+3 = 5(x+5)\)

\(\displaystyle y=5x-22\)

\(\displaystyle y-3 = 5(x-5)\)

\(\displaystyle y-3 = 5(x+5)\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle y-3 = 5(x-5)\)

Explanation:

Write the formula for point-slope form.

\(\displaystyle y-y_1 = m(x-x_1)\)

The variable \(\displaystyle m\) is the slope, and the point is in \(\displaystyle (x_1,y_1)\) format.  

\(\displaystyle m=5\)

\(\displaystyle (x_1,y_1)=(5,3)\)

Substitute all the givens.   There's is no need to simplify.

The answer is:  \(\displaystyle y-3 = 5(x-5)\)

Example Question #3682 : Algebra 1

Given the slope is three, and a point is \(\displaystyle (3,3)\) on the graph, what is the equation of the line?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle y=3x-3\)

\(\displaystyle y=3x+3\)

\(\displaystyle y=3x+6\)

\(\displaystyle y=3x-9\)

\(\displaystyle y=3x-6\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle y=3x-6\)

Explanation:

Write the slope intercept form.

\(\displaystyle y=mx+b\)

Substitute the slope and the point to find the y-intercept, \(\displaystyle b\).

\(\displaystyle 3=3(3)+b\)

Solve for the unknown variable.

\(\displaystyle 3=9+b\)

Subtract nine from both sides.

\(\displaystyle -6=b\)

Write the equation now that we have the slope and y-intercept.

The answer is: \(\displaystyle y=3x-6\)

Example Question #156 : Equations Of Lines

Find the equation of the line given two points:  \(\displaystyle (1,9)\) and \(\displaystyle (-2,11)\)

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle y=-\frac{4}{3}x+7\frac{5}{8}\)

\(\displaystyle y=-x+10\)

\(\displaystyle y=-x+9\frac{2}{3}\)

\(\displaystyle y=-\frac{2}{3}x+9\frac{2}{3}\)

\(\displaystyle y=-\frac{2}{5}x+8\frac{1}{3}\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle y=-\frac{2}{3}x+9\frac{2}{3}\)

Explanation:

Write the slope intercept form.  The equation will be in this form.

\(\displaystyle y=mx+b\)

Write the slope formula.

\(\displaystyle m = \frac{y_2-y_1}{x_2-x_1}\)

Let \(\displaystyle (x_1,y_1)=(1,9)\) and \(\displaystyle (x_2,y_2)=(-2,11)\).  

Substitute the points into the slope formula.

\(\displaystyle m = \frac{y_2-y_1}{x_2-x_1} = \frac{11-9}{-2-1} = \frac{2}{-3}\)

The slope is:  \(\displaystyle -\frac{2}{3}\)

Use the slope and a given point, substitute them into the slope intercept form to find the y-intercept.

\(\displaystyle 9=(-\frac{2}{3})(1)+b\)

Solve for the y-intercept.

\(\displaystyle 9=-\frac{2}{3}+b\)

Add two-thirds on both sides.

\(\displaystyle 9+ \frac{2}{3}=-\frac{2}{3}+b+ \frac{2}{3}\)

Simplify both sides.

\(\displaystyle b=9\frac{2}{3}\)

With the slope and y-intercept known, write the formula.

The answer is:  \(\displaystyle y=-\frac{2}{3}x+9\frac{2}{3}\)

Example Question #403 : Functions And Lines

Given the x-intercept is seven, and the y-intercept is four, what is the equation of the line?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle y=\frac{7}{4}x+4\)

\(\displaystyle y=-\frac{7}{4}x+4\)

\(\displaystyle \textup{Not enough information.}\)

\(\displaystyle y=\frac{4}{7}x+4\)

\(\displaystyle y=-\frac{4}{7}x+4\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle y=-\frac{4}{7}x+4\)

Explanation:

The x-intercept is the value when \(\displaystyle y=0\).

The y-intercept is the value when \(\displaystyle x=0\).

We know the two points needed to find the equation of the line.

The points are:  \(\displaystyle (7,0)\) and \(\displaystyle (0,4)\)

Use the slope formula to find the slope.

\(\displaystyle m=\frac{y_2-y_1}{x_2-x_1} = \frac{4-0}{0-7} = -\frac{4}{7}\)

Write the slope-intercept equation.

\(\displaystyle y=mx+b\)

Substitute the slope and the y-intercept.

The answer is:  \(\displaystyle y=-\frac{4}{7}x+4\)

Example Question #404 : Functions And Lines

If the slope is four, and a known point is \(\displaystyle (-5,2)\), what is the equation in point-slope form?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle y-2 = 4(x+5)\)

\(\displaystyle y=4x-22\)

\(\displaystyle y=4x+22\)

\(\displaystyle y-2 = 4(x-5)\)

\(\displaystyle y+2 = 4(x-5)\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle y-2 = 4(x+5)\)

Explanation:

Write the equation in point-slope form.

\(\displaystyle y-y_1=m(x-x_1)\)

The variable \(\displaystyle m\) is the slope.  Substitute the slope and the point.

\(\displaystyle y-2 = 4(x-(-5))\)

Simplify the right side of the equation.

The answer is:  \(\displaystyle y-2 = 4(x+5)\)

Example Question #405 : Functions And Lines

A line passes through the points (3, 9) and (5, 3), and has a y-intercept of 3.  Which of the following is an equation for that line?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle y = 8x-12\)

\(\displaystyle \small y = 9x-6\)

\(\displaystyle \small y = -4x + 8\)

\(\displaystyle y = -2x-4\)

 \(\displaystyle \small \small y = -{3}x + 3\)

Correct answer:

 \(\displaystyle \small \small y = -{3}x + 3\)

Explanation:

The equation for a line is always \(\displaystyle \small y = mx + b\), where \(\displaystyle \small m = slope\) and \(\displaystyle \small b = y-intercept\).

Given two data points, we are able to find the slope, m, using the formula 

\(\displaystyle \small \frac{y_{1}-y_{2}}{x_{1}-x_{2}}\).

Using the data points provided, our formula will be: 

\(\displaystyle \small \small \frac{3-9}{5-3}\), which gives us \(\displaystyle \small \small -\frac{6}{2} ,\) or , \(\displaystyle \small \small m = -3\).

Our y-intercept is given.

Thus our equation for the line containing these points and that y-intercept is \(\displaystyle \small \small y = -{3}x + 3\).

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