Algebra II : Understanding Exponents

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for Algebra II

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Example Questions

Example Question #11 : Negative Exponents

Simplify the expression: \(\displaystyle \frac{6a^3b^{-4}}{3a^{-2}b}\)

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 2a^5b^4\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{2a}{b^5}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{2a^5}{b^5}\)

None of the other answers.

\(\displaystyle \frac{2a^6}{b^5}\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle \frac{2a^5}{b^5}\)

Explanation:

A negative exponent is resolved by taking the reciprocal. For example \(\displaystyle a^-2=\frac{1}{a^2}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{6a^3b^{-4}}{3a^{-2}b}\)

start by making all the negative exponents positive ones:

\(\displaystyle \frac{6a^3}{3b*b^4}\div \frac{1}{a^2}\)   Note that the whole fraction on the left could have also been written as being divided by a^2 where the one is simply in the denominator, but it is necessary to understand that dividing by a fraction is the same as multiplying by one which occurs in the next step.

\(\displaystyle \frac{6a^3*a^5}{3b*b^4}\)

Use the multiplication rule of exponents and simplify the constant:

\(\displaystyle \frac{2a^5}{b^5}\)

Example Question #11 : Negative Exponents

Simplify: \(\displaystyle \frac{12j^{-4}k^2l^{-6}}{90j^8k^{-13}l^2}\)

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle \frac{2l^8k^{15}}{15j^{12}}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{2k^{15}}{15j^{10}l^8}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{2k^{15}}{15j^{12}l^8}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{2k^{15}}{15j^{2}l^8}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{k^{15}}{15j^{12}l^8}\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle \frac{2k^{15}}{15j^{12}l^8}\)

Explanation:

First, make all of the negative exponents positive. To do this, put it in the opposite location (if in the numerator, place in the denominator). This should look like: \(\displaystyle \frac{12k^{13}k^2}{90j^4j^8l^2l^6}\). Then, simplify each term. Remember, when multiplying and bases are the same, add exponents. Therefore, your final answer should be: \(\displaystyle \frac{2k^{15}}{15j^{12}l^8}\).

Example Question #11 : Negative Exponents

Evaluate \(\displaystyle 2^{-1}\)

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 2\)

\(\displaystyle -21\)

\(\displaystyle -\frac{1}{2}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}\)

\(\displaystyle -2\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}\)

Explanation:

When dealing with exponents, always turn it into this form:

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{x^n}\) \(\displaystyle x\) represents the base of the exponent, and \(\displaystyle n\) is the power in a positive value.

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{2^{1}}=\frac{1}{2}\)

Example Question #11 : Understanding Exponents

Evaluate \(\displaystyle 3^{-2}\)

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle -9\)

\(\displaystyle 9\)

\(\displaystyle -6\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{3}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{9}\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{9}\)

Explanation:

When dealing with exponents, always turn it into this form:

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{x^n}\) \(\displaystyle x\) represents the base of the exponent, and \(\displaystyle n\) is the power in a positive value.

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{3^{2}}=\frac{1}{9}\)

Example Question #11 : Negative Exponents

Evaluate \(\displaystyle -4^{-3}\)

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 12\)

\(\displaystyle -64\)

\(\displaystyle -\frac{1}{64}\)

\(\displaystyle 64\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{64}\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle -\frac{1}{64}\)

Explanation:

When dealing with exponents, always turn it into this form:

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{x^n}\) \(\displaystyle x\) represents the base of the exponent, and \(\displaystyle n\) is the power in a positive value.

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{-4^{3}}=-\frac{1}{64}\) Because the exponent is odd, that's why our fraction is negative. 

Example Question #11 : Exponents

Evaluate \(\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}^{-1}\)

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle -2\)

\(\displaystyle 2\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{4}\)

\(\displaystyle -\frac{1}{2}\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 2\)

Explanation:

When dealing with exponents, always turn it into this form:

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{x^n}\) \(\displaystyle x\) represents the base of the exponent, and \(\displaystyle n\) is the power in a positive value.

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{\frac{1}{2}^{1}}=\frac{1}{\frac{1}{2}}=2\) 

Example Question #11 : Understanding Exponents

Evaluate \(\displaystyle \frac{1}{3}^{-2}\)

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 9\)

\(\displaystyle -\frac{1}{9}\)

\(\displaystyle -9\)

\(\displaystyle -6\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{9}\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 9\)

Explanation:

When dealing with exponents, always turn it into this form:

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{x^n}\) \(\displaystyle x\) represents the base of the exponent, and \(\displaystyle n\) is the power in a positive value.

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{\frac{1}{3}^{2}}=\frac{1}{\frac{1}{9}}=9\)

Example Question #12 : Negative Exponents

Evaluate \(\displaystyle -8^{-2}\)

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle -64\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{64}\)

\(\displaystyle 64\)

\(\displaystyle -\frac{1}{64}\)

\(\displaystyle 16\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle -\frac{1}{64}\)

Explanation:

When dealing with exponents, always turn it into this form:

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{x^n}\) \(\displaystyle x\) represents the base of the exponent, and \(\displaystyle n\) is the power in a positive value.

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{-8^2}=-\frac{1}{64}\) The reason the answer is negative is because we focus on the exponent first and in this case the exponent is raised to a positive \(\displaystyle 8\)

Example Question #19 : Negative Exponents

Evaluate \(\displaystyle (-8)^{-2}\)

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle -\frac{1}{64}\)

\(\displaystyle 16\)

\(\displaystyle 64\)

\(\displaystyle -64\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{64}\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{64}\)

Explanation:

When dealing with exponents, always turn it into this form:

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{x^n}\) \(\displaystyle x\) represents the base of the exponent, and \(\displaystyle n\) is the power in a positive value.

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{(-8)^{2}}=\frac{1}{64}\) It is important to keep the paranthesis as we are squaring \(\displaystyle -8\) which makes our answer. 

Example Question #20 : Negative Exponents

Evaluate \(\displaystyle (-9)^{-3}\)

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{729}\)

\(\displaystyle 729\)

\(\displaystyle -27\)

\(\displaystyle -729\)

\(\displaystyle -\frac{1}{729}\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle -\frac{1}{729}\)

Explanation:

When dealing with exponents, always turn it into this form:

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{x^n}\) \(\displaystyle x\) represents the base of the exponent, and \(\displaystyle n\) is the power in a positive value.

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{(-9)^{3}}=-\frac{1}{729}\) Our answer is negative because we have an odd exponent.

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