Algebra II : Square Roots

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for Algebra II

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Example Questions

Example Question #1 : Square Roots

Simplify by rationalizing the denominator:

\(\displaystyle \frac{4}{\sqrt{11} - \sqrt{3}}\)

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle \frac{ 2 \sqrt{11}+ 2\sqrt{3} }{7 }\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{ 2 \sqrt{11}- 2\sqrt{3} }{7 }\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{7}{4}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{ \sqrt{11}- \sqrt{3} }{2 }\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{ \sqrt{11}+ \sqrt{3} }{2 }\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle \frac{ \sqrt{11}+ \sqrt{3} }{2 }\)

Explanation:

Multiply the numerator and the denominator by the conjugate of the denominator, which is \(\displaystyle \sqrt{11}+ \sqrt{3}\). Then take advantage of the distributive properties and the difference of squares pattern:

\(\displaystyle \frac{4}{\sqrt{11} - \sqrt{3}}\)

\(\displaystyle = \frac{4\left ( \sqrt{11}+ \sqrt{3} \right )}{\left (\sqrt{11} - \sqrt{3} \right ) \left ( \sqrt{11}+ \sqrt{3} \right )}\)

\(\displaystyle = \frac{4\left ( \sqrt{11}+ \sqrt{3} \right )}{\left (\sqrt{11}\right ) ^{2} -\left ( \sqrt{3} \right ) ^{2} }\)

\(\displaystyle = \frac{4\left ( \sqrt{11}+ \sqrt{3} \right )}{11- 3 }\)

\(\displaystyle = \frac{4\left ( \sqrt{11}+ \sqrt{3} \right )}{8 }\)

\(\displaystyle = \frac{ \sqrt{11}+ \sqrt{3} }{2 }\)

Example Question #2 : Square Roots

Estimate the square root of \(\displaystyle 80\) to the nearest tenth. 

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 8.9\)

\(\displaystyle 9.1\)

\(\displaystyle 8.5\)

\(\displaystyle 9.0\)

\(\displaystyle 40\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 8.9\)

Explanation:

Recall that we are looking for a number that, when multiplied by itself, yields \(\displaystyle 80\). We look for the perfect squares surrounding \(\displaystyle 80\) and we find \(\displaystyle 64\) and \(\displaystyle 81\). Thus, we know that our number must be between \(\displaystyle 8\) and \(\displaystyle 9.\) \(\displaystyle 80\) is much closer to \(\displaystyle 81\) and thus it will be very close to \(\displaystyle 9\) but still less, namely \(\displaystyle 8.9\)

Example Question #1 : Understanding Radicals

\(\displaystyle \sqrt{{x}^{53}}\) is a real number for what values of \(\displaystyle x\)?

Possible Answers:

All values

All negative values only

All negative and some positive values

All positive values only

All positive values and some negative values

Correct answer:

All positive values only

Explanation:

Taking the square root of a positive number will give you a positive number, and raising any positive number to any power will result in a positive number. 

Taking the square root of a negative number will result in the square root of the absolute value of the number, times i 

     ex. if \(\displaystyle x=\sqrt{-9}, = 3i\)

When an expression has \(\displaystyle i^{1}\), raising the expression to an even power will get rid of the imaginary number "i", and make the answer negative. Negative numbers are real numbers that belong on the number line. 

 

     ex. \(\displaystyle i^{2} = -1 , i^{4} = -1, 1^{42}=-1\)         

 

However, because the expression is raised to the 53rd power, it keeps the "i" in the expression for any negative value of x. Therefore, only positive numbers (and 0 which is not included in the answer choices) satisfy the requirements for being a real number. 

 

 

 

Example Question #3901 : Algebra Ii

Estimate the square root of 110 to the nearest tenth without using a calculator`

Possible Answers:

13

9.9

10.8

10.4

11.1

Correct answer:

10.4

Explanation:

The squares that are closest to 110 are 100 and 121. The square root of 100 is 10, and the square root of 121 is 11. 110 is almost right in the middle, which makes the answer 10.4. 

10.9 is too high, because that would make the square closer to the 119-120 range. 

Example Question #5 : Square Roots

Simplify:

\(\displaystyle \sqrt{256x^5y^6z^3}+\sqrt{169x^3y^2}\)

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 16x^2y^3z\sqrt{x^2z}+13xy\sqrt{x}\)

\(\displaystyle 14x^2y^3z\sqrt{xz}+13xy\sqrt{x}\)

\(\displaystyle (16x^2y^3z+13xy)\sqrt{2xz}\)

\(\displaystyle 16x^2y^3z\sqrt{xz}+13xy\sqrt{x}\)

\(\displaystyle 16xy^3z\sqrt{xz}+13xy\sqrt{x}\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 16x^2y^3z\sqrt{xz}+13xy\sqrt{x}\)

Explanation:

To simplify, we must find the squares that are underneath each radical (this can be easier to see after some factoring):

\(\displaystyle \sqrt{256\cdot x^4\cdot x\cdot y^6\cdot z^2\cdot z} + \sqrt{169\cdot x^2\cdot x\cdot y^2}\)

The squares are easier to identify now! We can pull them out of the radical after taking their square root, leaving behind everything that is not a square:

\(\displaystyle 16x^2y^3z\sqrt{xz}+13xy\sqrt{x}\)

Example Question #6 : Square Roots

Evaluate:  \(\displaystyle (\frac{\sqrt{64}\cdot \sqrt{36}}{\sqrt{16}})^3\)

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle \sqrt[3]{36}\)

\(\displaystyle \sqrt[3]{12}\)

\(\displaystyle 36\)

\(\displaystyle -1728\)

\(\displaystyle 1728\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 1728\)

Explanation:

Simplify the radicals inside the parentheses.

\(\displaystyle (\frac{\sqrt{64}\cdot \sqrt{36}}{\sqrt{16}})^3 = (\frac{8\cdot 6}{4})^3\)

Simplify the terms by order of operations.  Solve the terms inside the parentheses first.

\(\displaystyle (\frac{8\cdot 6}{4})^3= (2\cdot 6)^3 = (12)^3 = 12\times 12 \times 12\)

The answer is:  \(\displaystyle 1728\)

Example Question #2 : Square Roots

Simplify the radicals:  \(\displaystyle \frac{2\sqrt{24}}{3\sqrt{3}}\)

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 4\sqrt2\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{4\sqrt2}{3}\) 

\(\displaystyle \frac{4}{3}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{16}{3}\)

\(\displaystyle 36\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle \frac{4\sqrt2}{3}\) 

Explanation:

Rewrite the numerator by taking a square root of three as a common denominator.  This way, we do not have to multiply \(\displaystyle \frac{\sqrt3}{\sqrt3}\) to rationalize the denominator.

\(\displaystyle \frac{2\sqrt{24}}{3\sqrt{3}} = \frac{2\sqrt{3}\cdot \sqrt{8}}{3\sqrt{3}}\)

Notice that now we can eliminate the radical from the denominator.  Fully simplify and rewrite the numerator.

\(\displaystyle 2\sqrt8 = 2\cdot \sqrt4 \cdot \sqrt 2 = 2(2)\sqrt2= 4\sqrt2\)

Divide this by three since there is a lone three in the denominator.

The answer is:  \(\displaystyle \frac{4\sqrt2}{3}\)

Example Question #8 : Square Roots

Evaluate the product of square roots:  \(\displaystyle \sqrt{3}\times \sqrt{18}\)

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 6 \sqrt3\)

\(\displaystyle 3 \sqrt6\)

\(\displaystyle 2 \sqrt6\)

\(\displaystyle 3 \sqrt5\)

\(\displaystyle 2 \sqrt{10}\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 3 \sqrt6\)

Explanation:

We can rewrite the expression by using common factors.  

\(\displaystyle \sqrt{3}\times \sqrt{18} = \sqrt{3}\times \sqrt{9}\times \sqrt{2}\)

The radical square root nine is a perfect square.  The other two radicals can be multiplied together to form one radical.

\(\displaystyle \sqrt{3}\times \sqrt{9}\times \sqrt{2} =3\times \sqrt{6}\)

The answer is:  \(\displaystyle 3 \sqrt6\)

Example Question #9 : Square Roots

Evaluate the radical:  \(\displaystyle \sqrt{8}\times \sqrt{40} \times \sqrt{24}\)

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 14\sqrt{30}\)

\(\displaystyle 11\sqrt{21}\)

\(\displaystyle 16\sqrt{30}\)

\(\displaystyle 18\sqrt{30}\)

\(\displaystyle 12\sqrt{30}\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 16\sqrt{30}\)

Explanation:

In order to get the most simplified answer, do not multiply all the numbers together and combine as one radical.

Rewrite each radicals in their most simplified form.

\(\displaystyle \sqrt8 = \sqrt4 \cdot \sqrt2 = 2\sqrt2\)

\(\displaystyle \sqrt{40} = \sqrt{4} \cdot \sqrt{10} = 2\sqrt{10}\)

\(\displaystyle \sqrt{24}= \sqrt{4}\cdot \sqrt 6 = 2\sqrt6\)

Multiply the terms.

\(\displaystyle 2\sqrt{2} \cdot 2\sqrt{10} \cdot2\sqrt{6} = (2 \cdot\sqrt2)(2 \cdot\sqrt2 \cdot \sqrt5)(2 \cdot\sqrt2 \cdot \sqrt3)\)

Notice that multiplying a square root of a number by itself will leave only the integer and will eliminate the radical.

\(\displaystyle \sqrt2 \cdot \sqrt2 =2\)

The terms become:

\(\displaystyle =(2 \cdot\sqrt2)(2 \cdot\sqrt2 \cdot \sqrt5)(2 \cdot\sqrt2 \cdot \sqrt3)\)

\(\displaystyle = 2\cdot2\cdot2\cdot2 (\sqrt2 \cdot \sqrt5\cdot \sqrt3)\)

\(\displaystyle =16\sqrt{30}\)

The answer is:  \(\displaystyle 16\sqrt{30}\)

Example Question #1242 : Mathematical Relationships And Basic Graphs

Evaluate the square root:  \(\displaystyle -3\sqrt3 + 6\sqrt3+15\sqrt3\)

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle -18\sqrt3\)

\(\displaystyle 3\sqrt6\)

\(\displaystyle 18\sqrt3\)

\(\displaystyle -\frac{15\sqrt3}{2}\)

\(\displaystyle -\sqrt3\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 18\sqrt3\)

Explanation:

The coefficients of the terms share the same square root.  This means that the terms can be combined as a single square root.

Add the coefficients.

\(\displaystyle -3\sqrt3 + 6\sqrt3+15\sqrt3 = 18\sqrt3\)

The answer is:  \(\displaystyle 18\sqrt3\)

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