Glycolysis is an anaerobic process that occurs in the cytosol or the cytoplasm of the cell. This process does not require any organelles to take place. The mitochondria is where the Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain occur.

The Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain are both aerobic processes, meaning that they do require oxygen to require. Glycolysis, on the other hand, is an anaerobic process and does not need oxygen to proceed.

The oxidizing agent is the item that gets reduced, meaning it gains electrons. The only item here that gains electrons during the process of fermentation is .  becomes reduced to  by gaining electrons. Recall OIL RIG - oxidation is loss of electrons and reduction is gain of electrons.

Lactic acid, ethanol,  and  are not oxidizing agents in fermentation.

Glycolysis is a catabolic process that produces ATP. A catabolic process degrades molecules, releasing energy, whereas an anabolic process requires energy to synthesize larger biomolecules. It takes energy to create a bond, but when a bond is broken, energy is released. ATP, not GTP, is produced from glycolysis; however, GTP is produced during the citric acid cycle. Cyclic AMP is an intracellular secondary messenger involved in signal transduction.

Glycolysis is the first step of cellular respiration where glucose is broken down down into pyruvate. It occurs in the cytosol. In the presence of oxygen, pyruvate is exported to the mitochondria where it is further oxidized. In the absence of oxygen, pyruvate is converted into ethyl alcohol or lactic acid (fermentation) in the cytoplasm.

Pyruvic acid is the three-carbon compound produced in glycolysis, the first stage in cellular respiration. Acetyl-CoA is a two-carbon molecule that is the result of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex that follows glycolysis. Glucose is broken down in respiration, and ribose is a five-carbon sugar in RNA.

In glycolysis, the net gain of ATP molecules is 2. Two ATP per glucose molecule are required to initiate the process, then a total of four ATP are produced per molecule of glucose.

Glycogen is the polysaccharide stored in the liver and muscle cells of animals that can be broken down into glucose. Sucrose and fructose are sugars. Starch is a polysaccharide found in plants.

Lactic acid is produced in animal cells when no oxygen is present in order to keep making ATP. Alcohol is produced in yeast cells in fermentation. Glucose is broken down in the entire cycle of respiration, and sucrose is a disaccharide.

Glycolysis occurs in the cytosol. Recall that glycolysis is the process by which glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate, which, under aerobic conditions, is further oxidized in the Krebs cycle and electron transport. The mitochondria is the site of the Krebs cycle and electron transport in eukaryotes, while these processes occur in the cytosol and across the cell membrane in prokaryotes.