Stimulants are commonly prescribed to treat ADHD symptomology. Stimulants may be short-acting or long-acting; many individuals with ADHD require one stimulant from each category to get through a school and/or work day.

"Levodopa," commonly referred to as L-Dopa, is used to increase dopamine concentrations in the treatment of Parkinson's disease and dopamine resistant dystonia.

"Lithium" has been shown to be highly successful in treating the manic symptoms associated with bipolar disorder. It functions as an effective mood stabilizer for people with this disorder; furthermore, it has limited side effects in comparison to other common psychopharmacological treatments.

While scientists are still unsure why it works, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is known to relieve symptoms in some people with depression. It involves sedating the patient and applying electrical shocks to the brain via electrodes that induce a brief seizure. Current beliefs suggest that this series of electrical shocks changes or somehow “resets” brain chemistry and firing patterns, which in turn lead to the alleviation of symptoms seen in patients. The negative symptoms (e.g. memory loss during treatment, headache, muscle pain, etc.) are often quite uncomfortable; therefore, ECT is only used in extreme cases where other treatments have failed. While ECT may seem primitive or even unethical, its proven results mean it is still in use today.

SSRIs are a class of antidepressant drugs that help to treat major depressive disorder and various anxiety disorders. At a cellular level, SSRIs prevent the reuptake of serotonin, which allows the body to maintain a higher level of serotonin.

The SSRIs are a class of drugs used in the treatment of major depressive disorder. They work by blocking the re-uptake of serotonin by the pre-synaptic neuron in the synaptic cleft. By blocking re-uptake, they allow for serotonin to stay in the synaptic cleft for a longer period of time.

A Rorschach inkblot test presents a patient with an ambiguous image and asks the patient to interpret what they see. This process would be of most use to a psychoanalyst, who aims to help the patient reveal their unconscious thoughts and desires.

Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is a structured, short-term therapeutic technique that aims to change a client's maladaptive cognitions and behaviors into more realistic and/or adaptive ones. CBT is commonly used for those with various mood and anxiety disorders.

Free association is a common tenet of psychoanalysis that allows clients to speak for themselves. Free association allows the therapist to figure out the client's unconscious motives and desires. 

The biological approach to treating a mental illness addresses chemical imbalances, lesions in the brain, or some physical illness that may be underlying the psychological symptoms. Most of the time this involves prescribing drugs to stabiliize the patient and restore balance in the brain and body.