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Calculus 2 : Calculus II

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for Calculus 2

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9 Diagnostic Tests 308 Practice Tests Question of the Day Flashcards Learn by Concept

Example Questions

Example Question #1 : Derivative At A Point

$g(x) = \sec \frac{\pi}{x}$

Evaluate g '(6) .

Possible Answers:

$- \frac{\pi \sqrt{3}}{9}$

$- \frac{\pi \sqrt{3}}{54}$

$- \frac{\pi}{54}$

$- \frac{\pi}{9}$

$- \frac{\pi \sqrt{3}}{27}$

Correct answer:

$- \frac{\pi}{54}$

Explanation:

To find g'(x) , substitute $u =\frac{ \pi }{x} = \pi x ^{-1}$ and use the chain rule:

$g(x) = \sec \left (\frac{\pi}{x} \right )$

$g'(x) = \frac{\mathrm{d} }{\mathrm{d} x} \sec\frac{\pi}{x}$

$= \frac{\mathrm{d} }{\mathrm{d} x} \sec u$

$= \frac{\mathrm{d} u}{\mathrm{d} x} \cdot \frac{\mathrm{d} }{\mathrm{d}u} \sec u$

$= \frac{\mathrm{d} }{\mathrm{d} x} \pi x^{-1} \cdot \frac{\mathrm{d} } {\mathrm{d}u} \sec u$

$= \pi \cdot (-1) \cdot x^{-1-1} \cdot \tan u \sec u$

$= - \pi x^{-2} \cdot \tan \frac{\pi}{x} \sec \frac{\pi}{x}$

$= - \frac{\pi}{x^{2}} \tan \frac{\pi}{x} \sec \frac{\pi}{x}$

So $g '(x)= - \frac{\pi}{x^{2}}\tan \frac{\pi}{x} \sec \frac{\pi}{x}$

and

$g '(6)= - \frac{\pi}{6^{2}}\tan \frac{\pi}{6} \sec \frac{\pi}{6}$

$= - \frac{\pi}{36} \cdot \frac{\sqrt{3}}{3} \cdot \frac{2\sqrt{3}}{3}$

$= - \frac{\pi}{36} \cdot \frac{2\cdot 3}{9} = - \frac{\pi}{54}$

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Example Question #2 : Derivative At A Point

What is the equation of the line tangent to the graph of the function

$f(x)= 1+\frac{4}{x}$

at the point (2, 3) ?

Possible Answers:

y =2 x-1

y = 3

y =4 x-5

y = - x+5

y = x+1

Correct answer:

y = - x+5

Explanation:

The slope of the line tangent to the graph of $f(x)= 1+\frac{4}{x}$ at (2, 3) is

f'(2) , which can be evaluated as follows:

$f(x)= 1+\frac{4}{x} = 1 + 4x^{-1}$

$f'(x) = (-1) 4x^{-1-1}$

$f'(x) = - \frac{4}{x^{2}}$

$f'(2) = - \frac{4}{2^{2}}= - 1$

The equation of the line with slope through (2, 3) is:

$y - y_{1} = m (x-x_{1})$

y - 3 = -1 (x-2)

y - 3 = - x+2

y = - x+5

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Example Question #1191 : Calculus Ii

What is the equation of the line tangent to the graph of the function

$f(x) = 2 \sin \frac{\pi x}{6}$

at the point (7, -1) ?

Possible Answers:

$y = \frac {\pi \sqrt{2 }}{4} x- \frac {7 \pi \sqrt{2 }}{4} -1$

$y = - \frac {\pi \sqrt{2 }}{4} x+ \frac {7 \pi \sqrt{2 }}{4} -1$

$y = - \frac {\pi }{6} x+ \frac {7 \pi }{6} -1$

$y = \frac {\pi \sqrt{3 }}{6} x - \frac {7 \pi \sqrt{3 }}{6} -1$

$y = - \frac {\pi \sqrt{3 }}{6} x+ \frac {7 \pi \sqrt{3 }}{6} -1$

Correct answer:

$y = - \frac {\pi \sqrt{3 }}{6} x+ \frac {7 \pi \sqrt{3 }}{6} -1$

Explanation:

The slope of the line tangent to the graph of $f(x) = 2 \sin \frac{\pi x}{6}$ at (7, -1) is

f'(7) , which can be evaluated as follows:

$f(x) = 2 \sin \frac{\pi x}{6} = 2 \sin \frac{\pi }{6}x$

$f'(x) = 2 \cdot\frac {\pi }{6} \cos \frac{\pi }{6}x$

$f'(x) = \frac {\pi }{3} \cos \frac{\pi }{6}x$

$f'(7) = \frac {\pi }{3} \cos \frac{7 \pi }{6}$

$= \frac {\pi }{3} \left ( - \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\right ) = - \frac {\pi \sqrt{3 }}{6}$ , the slope of the line.

The equation of the line with slope $- \frac {\pi \sqrt{3 }}{6}$ through (7, -1) is:

$y - y_{1} = m (x-x_{1})$

$y - (-1) = - \frac {\pi \sqrt{3 }}{6} (x-7)$

$y +1 = - \frac {\pi \sqrt{3 }}{6} x+\left ( \frac {\pi \sqrt{3 }}{6} \right ) 7$

$y = - \frac {\pi \sqrt{3 }}{6} x+ \frac {7 \pi \sqrt{3 }}{6} -1$

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Example Question #1192 : Calculus Ii

What is the equation of the line tangent to the graph of the function

$f(x)= \frac{8}{x}$

at (-2,-4) ?

Possible Answers:

y = -2 x-8

y = -8 x-20

$y = \frac{1}{2}x-3$

y = 2 x

$y = - \frac{1}{2}x-5$

Correct answer:

y = -2 x-8

Explanation:

The slope of the line tangent to the graph of $f(x)= \frac{8}{x}$ at (-2,-4) is

f'(-2) , which can be evaluated as follows:

$f(x)= \frac{8}{x} = 8x^{-1}$

$f'(x)= 8 \cdot\left ( -1 x^{-2} \right )$

$f'(x)= -\frac{8}{x^{ 2}}$

$f'(-2)= -\frac{8}{(-2)^{ 2}} = -\frac{8}{4} = -2$ , the slope of the line.

The equation of the line with slope through (-2,-4) is:

$y - y_{1} = m (x-x_{1})$

y - (-4) = -2 [x- (-2)]

y +4 = -2 (x+2)

y +4 = -2 x-4

y = -2 x-8

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Example Question #1193 : Calculus Ii

What is the equation of the line tangent to the graph of the function

$f(x)= \log (x+3)$

at the point (7,1) ?

Possible Answers:

$y = \frac{x -7 + 10 \ln 10}{10 \ln 10}$

$y = \frac{x -7 + e \ln 10}{e \ln 10}$

y = 2x - 13

$y = \frac{x + 3 }{10 }$

y = x-6

Correct answer:

$y = \frac{x -7 + 10 \ln 10}{10 \ln 10}$

Explanation:

The slope of the line tangent to the graph of $f(x)= \log (x+3)$ at the point (7,1) is f'(7) , which can be evaluated as follows:

$f(x)= \log (x+3)$

$f(x)=\frac{ \ln (x+3) }{\ln 10}$

$f'(x)=\frac{\mathrm{d} }{\mathrm{d} x} \frac{ \ln (x+3) }{\ln 10}$

$f'(x)= \frac{1 }{\ln 10} \cdot \frac{\mathrm{d} }{\mathrm{d} x}\ln (x+3)$

$f'(x)= \frac{1 }{\ln 10} \cdot \frac{1}{x+3}$

$f'(7)= \frac{1 }{\ln 10} \cdot \frac{1}{7+3}$

$f'(7)= \frac{1 }{10 \ln 10}$

The line with this slope through (7,1) has equation:

$y - y_{1} = m (x-x_{1})$

$y - 1= \frac{1 }{10 \ln 10} (x-7)$

$y - 1= \frac{1 }{10 \ln 10} \cdot x- \frac{1 }{10 \ln 10} \cdot 7$ $y = \frac{x }{10 \ln 10} - \frac{7 }{10 \ln 10} +1$

$y = \frac{x -7 + 10 \ln 10}{10 \ln 10}$

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Example Question #3 : Derivative At A Point

What is the equation of the line tangent to the graph of the function

$f(x) = x^{3} + x - 17$

at the point (3, 13) ?

Possible Answers:

y = 11x -20

y = 27 x- 68

y = 26 x- 65

y = 28 x- 71

y = 10x -17

Correct answer:

y = 28 x- 71

Explanation:

The slope of the line tangent to the graph of $f(x) = x^{3} + x - 17$ at the point (3, 13) is f'(3) , which can be evaluated as follows:

$f(x) = x^{3} + x - 17$

$f'(x) = \frac{\mathrm{d} }{\mathrm{d} x}\left ( x^{3} + x - 17 \right )$

$f'(x) = 3x^{2} + 1$

$f'(3) = 3\cdot 3^{2} + 1 = 28$

The line with slope 28 through (3, 13) has equation:

$y - y_{1} = m (x-x_{1})$

y -13= 28 (x-3)

$y -13= 28 x- 28 \cdot 3$

y -13= 28 x- 84

y = 28 x- 71

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Example Question #71 : Derivative Review

Let the initial approximation of the ninth root of 100 be

$x_{1}= 2$ .

Use one iteration of Newton's method to find approximation $x_{2}$ . Give your answer to the nearest thousandth.

Possible Answers:

1.971

2.021

1.871

1.821

1.921

Correct answer:

1.821

Explanation:

This is equivalent to finding a solution of the equation

x^9 = 100 ,

or the zero of the polynomial

P (x) = x^9 - 100 .

Using Newton's method, we can find $x_{2}$ from the formula

$x_{2} = x_{1} - \frac{P(x_{1})}{P'(x_{1})}$ .

P '(x) = 9 x^8 , so

$P (x_{1}) = P(2)= 2^9 - 100 = 512 - 100 = 412$

$P '(x_{1}) = P' (2)= 9 \cdot 2^8 = 9 \cdot 256 = 2,304$

$x_{2} = 2 - \frac{P(2)}{P'(2)} = 2 - \frac{412}{2,304} \approx 2 - 0.1788 \approx 1.821$

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Example Question #4 : Chain Rule And Implicit Differentiation

$g(x) = e ^{x^{2}+x}$

Evaluate g '(3 ) .

Possible Answers:

$7 e^{12}$

$12 e^{12}$

$e^{7}$

$7 e^{9}$

$12 e^{11}$

Correct answer:

$7 e^{12}$

Explanation:

To find g'(x) , substitute $u = x ^{2} + x$ and use the chain rule:

$g(x) = e ^{x^{2}+x}$

$g'(x) = \frac{\mathrm{d} }{\mathrm{d} x} e ^{x^{2}+x}$

$= \frac{\mathrm{d} }{\mathrm{d} x} e ^{u}$

$= \frac{\mathrm{d}u }{\mathrm{d} x} \cdot \frac{\mathrm{d} }{\mathrm{d} u}e ^{u}$

$= \frac{\mathrm{d}u }{\mathrm{d} x} \cdot e ^{u}$

$= \frac{\mathrm{d} }{\mathrm{d} x}\left ( x ^{2} + x \right ) \cdot \frac{\mathrm{d} }{\mathrm{d} u}e ^{u}$

$= \left ( 2x + 1 \right ) \cdot e ^{u}$

$= \left ( 2x + 1 \right ) \cdot e ^{ x ^{2} + x}$

$g'(x)= \left ( 2x + 1 \right ) e ^{ x ^{2} + x}$

Plug in 3:

$g'(3)= \left ( 2 \cdot 3 + 1 \right ) \cdot e ^{ 3 ^{2} + 3}$

$= \left ( 6 + 1 \right ) \cdot e ^{ 9+ 3} =7e ^{ 12}$

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Example Question #5 : Chain Rule And Implicit Differentiation

$g (x) = \frac{1}{4x - 7}$

Evaluate g ' (1 ) .

Possible Answers:

$-\frac{4}{3}$

$\frac{4}{3}$

$\frac{4}{9}$

$- \frac{4}{9}$

Undefined

Correct answer:

$- \frac{4}{9}$

Explanation:

To find g'(x) , substitute u =4x - 7 and use the chain rule:

$g (x) = \frac{1}{4x - 7}$

$g '(x) = \frac{\mathrm{d} }{\mathrm{d} x}\cdot \frac{1}{4x - 7}$

$= \frac{\mathrm{d} }{\mathrm{d} x}\cdot \frac{1}{u}$

$= \frac{\mathrm{d} u}{\mathrm{d} x}\cdot \frac{\mathrm{d} }{\mathrm{d} u} \frac{1}{u}$

$= \frac{\mathrm{d} }{\mathrm{d} x} (4x-7) \cdot \frac{\mathrm{d} }{\mathrm{d} u} u ^{-1}$

$=4 \cdot (-1 ) u ^{-1-1}$

$=-4 u ^{-2} = - \frac{4}{u^{2}}= - \frac{4}{(4x-7)^{2}}$

$g'(x)= - \frac{4}{(4x-7)^{2}}$

and

$g'(1)= - \frac{4}{(4 \cdot 1 -7)^{2}}$

$= - \frac{4}{(4 -7)^{2}}$

$= - \frac{4}{(-3)^{2}} = - \frac{4}{9}$

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Example Question #6 : Chain Rule And Implicit Differentiation

$g (x) = \tan \left ( x +\frac{ \pi }{4}\right )$

Evaluate $g' \left ( \pi )$ .

Possible Answers:

$-\sqrt{2}$

Undefined

$\sqrt{2}$

Correct answer:

Explanation:

To find g'(x) , substitute $u = x +\frac{ \pi }{4}$ and use the chain rule:

$g (x) = \tan \left ( x +\frac{ \pi }{4}\right )$

$g' (x) = \frac{\mathrm{d} }{\mathrm{d} x}\tan \left ( x +\frac{ \pi }{4}\right )$

$g' (x) = \frac{\mathrm{d} }{\mathrm{d} x}\tan u$

$=\frac{\mathrm{d} u}{\mathrm{d} x} \cdot \frac{\mathrm{d} }{\mathrm{d} u} \tan u$

$=\frac{\mathrm{d} }{\mathrm{d} x} \left ( x +\frac{ \pi }{4} \right )\cdot \frac{\mathrm{d} }{\mathrm{d} u} \tan u$

$=\frac{\mathrm{d} }{\mathrm{d} x} \left ( x +\frac{ \pi }{4} \right ) \cdot \sec ^{2} u$

$=1 \cdot \sec ^{2}\left ( x +\frac{ \pi }{4}\right ) = \sec ^{2}\left ( x +\frac{ \pi }{4}\right )$

$g'(x) = \sec ^{2}\left ( x +\frac{ \pi }{4}\right )$

$g'(\pi ) = \sec ^{2}\left ( \pi +\frac{ \pi }{4}\right )$

$g'(\pi ) = \sec ^{2}\frac{ 5 \pi }{4}$

$= \left ( - \sqrt{2 }\right )^{2} = 2$

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Calculus 2 : Calculus II

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for Calculus 2

All Calculus 2 Resources

Example Questions

Example Question #1 : Derivative At A Point

Example Question #2 : Derivative At A Point

Example Question #1191 : Calculus Ii

Example Question #1192 : Calculus Ii

Example Question #1193 : Calculus Ii

Example Question #3 : Derivative At A Point

Example Question #71 : Derivative Review

Example Question #4 : Chain Rule And Implicit Differentiation

Example Question #5 : Chain Rule And Implicit Differentiation

Example Question #6 : Chain Rule And Implicit Differentiation

All Calculus 2 Resources

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