Albert Camus's L'Etranger, translated to English as The Stranger, tells the story of a man named Meursault, who kills an Arab man in Algiers for no particular reason after his mother's funeral. The opening lines of the novel demonstrate the main character's alienation from the world and traditional morality. These themes underlie the novel, and heighten Camus' philosophy of the absurdity of life.

Although he is perhaps better known for The Magic Mountain, Thomas Mann's Joseph and His Brother is a lengthy masterpiece—over 1,000 pages in English translation. The story is based on the Hebrew Scriptures's story of Joseph of Egypt—the son of Jacob sold into slavery. In writing the tale, Mann extrapolated many details concerning Egyptian myth and ancient history (as well as the psychology of religious figures) to tell a sweeping tale of this important biblical figure.

This Side of Paradise was written by F. Scott Fitzgerald. 

Jack London is known primarily for his adventure novels and short stories, many of which took place in Alaska. All of the remaining authors, except Mark Twain, wrote during the 20th century. Twain is an American 19th century author known for his satirical stories such as Tom Sawyer and A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court.  The only author on the list who is not American is British author T.S. Eliot, best known for The Once and Future King. Edward Albee is an American playwright whose works include Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?  F. Scott Fitzgerald is best known for The Great Gatsby.

Toni Morrison is known for her works such as Tar Baby and The Bluest Eye. Maya Angelou wrote I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings, and Alice Walker wrote The Color Purple, among other works. Langston Hughes co-wrote Mule Bones with Hurston, but did not write either of the works above.

Jane Austen, who published between 1811 and 1816, wrote novels that centered on the romantic interests and pursuits of well-born women in England during the early nineteenth century. Some of her best-known works are Pride and Prejudice, Sense and Sensibility, and Emma, which all deal with women finding their husbands.

Mary Shelley's landmark gothic novel Frankenstein, or The Modern Prometheus, is told first from the perspective of an explorer who meets the inventor Victor Frankenstein. After an introductory chapter, the story is told by Frankenstein himself in a series of flashbacks, or scenes that take place in the past of the novel's timeframe.

Herman Melville's Moby Dick; or, The Whale, first published in 1851, tells the story of a whaling vessel, led by the intense Captain Ahab, as it tracks down the great white whale who gives the book its name. Told through the perspective of the sailor Ishmael, it is a highly allegorical tale featuring allusions to biblical themes, classical mythology, and historical issues.

Ebenezer Scrooge is the main character of the novella A Christmas Carol, written by Charles Dickens in 1843. The story features three Christmas ghosts who each visit the miserly rich man Scrooge on Christmas Eve night. The three ghosts show Scrooge his past, present, and future, which make him reconsider his life and become more charitable and generous.

Leo Tolstoy's War and Peace focuses on the lives of two young members of the Russian nobility, Pierre Bezhukov and Andrei Bolkonsky, who struggle with their identities during the Napoleonic wars. Bezhukov is a student who has spent time in Paris, and Bolkonsky is his old friend who is a carouser and bon vivant. War and Peace is considered one of the great novels of world literature.