ISEE Middle Level Quantitative : How to find the solution to an equation

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for ISEE Middle Level Quantitative

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Example Questions

Example Question #185 : Isee Middle Level (Grades 7 8) Quantitative Reasoning

Solve for \(\displaystyle t\):

\(\displaystyle - 0.05 t + (-7) = -44\)

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle t = 1,020\)

\(\displaystyle t = - 1,020\)

\(\displaystyle t = 740\)

\(\displaystyle t = - 740\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle t = 740\)

Explanation:

Apply the properties of equality to both sides of the equation as follows in order to isolate \(\displaystyle t\) on the left side, keeping in mind the rules for signed integer arithmetic:

\(\displaystyle - 0.05 t + (-7) = -44\)

\(\displaystyle - 0.05 t + (-7) - (-7) = -44 - (-7)\)

\(\displaystyle - 0.05 t = -44+7\)

\(\displaystyle - 0.05 t = -(44-7)\)

\(\displaystyle - 0.05 t = -37\)

\(\displaystyle - 0.05 t \div (- 0.05) = -37 \div (- 0.05)\)

\(\displaystyle t = 37 \div 0.05\)

Move the decimal points two places right in each of the two numbers, then divide:

\(\displaystyle t = 3,700 \div 5\)

\(\displaystyle t = 740\)

Example Question #61 : How To Find The Solution To An Equation

\(\displaystyle - 0.04 t = 0.005\)

\(\displaystyle - 0.05 u= 0.004\)

Which is the greater quantity?

(a) \(\displaystyle t\) 

(b) \(\displaystyle u\)

Possible Answers:

(a) and (b) are equal

(b) is the greater quantity

(a) is the greater quantity

It is impossible to determine which is greater from the information given

Correct answer:

(b) is the greater quantity

Explanation:

Isolate \(\displaystyle t\) on one side of the first equation by dividing both sides by the coefficient of \(\displaystyle t\):

\(\displaystyle - 0.04 t = 0.005\)

\(\displaystyle - 0.04 t \div (- 0.04) = 0.005 \div (- 0.04)\)

\(\displaystyle t = - \left ( 0.005 \div 0.04 \right )\)

Divide by moving the decimal points right two places in order to make the divisor an integer:

\(\displaystyle t = - \left ( 0.5 \div4 \right )\)

\(\displaystyle t = -0.125\)

Similarly:

\(\displaystyle - 0.05 u= 0.004\)

\(\displaystyle - 0.05 u\div (- 0.05 ) = 0.004 \div (- 0.05 )\)

\(\displaystyle u=-( 0.004 \div 0.05 )\)

\(\displaystyle u= -( 0. 4 \div 5 )\)

\(\displaystyle u= - 0.08\)

 

\(\displaystyle 0.08 < 0.125\), so

 \(\displaystyle -0.08 >- 0.125\);

that is, \(\displaystyle u > t\).

Example Question #186 : Isee Middle Level (Grades 7 8) Quantitative Reasoning

\(\displaystyle a\) is a positive number; \(\displaystyle b\) is the additive inverse of \(\displaystyle a\).

Which is the greater quantity?

(a) \(\displaystyle 7a + 7b\)

(b) \(\displaystyle 7ab\)

Possible Answers:

It is impossible to determine which is greater from the information given

(a) is the greater quantity

(b) is the greater quantity

(a) and (b) are equal

Correct answer:

(b) is the greater quantity

Explanation:

If  \(\displaystyle b\) is the additive inverse of \(\displaystyle a\), then, by definition, 

\(\displaystyle a+ b = 0\).

Therefore, after distribution,

\(\displaystyle 7a + 7b = 7(a+b) = 7 \cdot 0 = 0\).

If \(\displaystyle a\) is a positive number, then its additive inverse, \(\displaystyle b\), must be negative. Therefore, \(\displaystyle ab\), as the product of two numbers of unlike sign, is negative. Multiply this by the positive number 7 and the result is also negative, so 

\(\displaystyle 7ab < 0\),

and 

\(\displaystyle 7(a+b) > 7ab\)

Example Question #61 : Equations

Solve for \(\displaystyle t\textup:\)

\(\displaystyle 12t = 7t + 45\)

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle t=10\)

\(\displaystyle t=9\)

\(\displaystyle t=12\)

\(\displaystyle t=8\)

\(\displaystyle t=11\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle t=9\)

Explanation:

\(\displaystyle 12t = 7t + 45\)

\(\displaystyle 12t-7t = 7t -7t + 45\)

\(\displaystyle (12-7)t = 45\)

\(\displaystyle 5t = 45\)

\(\displaystyle 5t \div 5 = 45\div 5\)

\(\displaystyle t=9\)

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