ISEE Upper Level Math : Quadrilaterals

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for ISEE Upper Level Math

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Example Questions

Example Question #1 : Rhombuses

Two diagonals of a rhombus have lengths of \(\displaystyle (t+1)\) and \(\displaystyle (t-1)\). Give the area in terms of \(\displaystyle t\).

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle \frac{t^2+1}{2}\)

\(\displaystyle t^2-1\)

\(\displaystyle t^2\)

\(\displaystyle t^2+1\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{t^2-1}{2}\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle \frac{t^2-1}{2}\)

Explanation:

The formula for the area of a rhombus is

\(\displaystyle Area=\frac{d_{1}d_{2}}{2}\),

where \(\displaystyle d_{1}\) is the length of one diagonal and \(\displaystyle d_{2}\) is the length of the other diagonal.

\(\displaystyle Area=\frac{d_{1}d_{2}}{2}=\frac{(t-1)(t+1)}{2}=\frac{t^2-1}{2}\)

 

 

Example Question #1 : How To Find The Area Of A Rhombus

A rhombus has side length \(\displaystyle 4\ cm\), and one of the interior angles is \(\displaystyle 30^{\circ}\). Give the area of the rhombus.

 

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 10\ cm^2\)

\(\displaystyle 9\ cm^2\)

\(\displaystyle 8\ cm^2\)

\(\displaystyle 6\ cm^2\)

\(\displaystyle 12\ cm^2\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 8\ cm^2\)

Explanation:

The area of a rhombus can be determined by the following formula:

\(\displaystyle Area=s^2sin\alpha\),

where \(\displaystyle s\) is the length of any side and \(\displaystyle \alpha\) is any interior angle. 

\(\displaystyle Area=s^2sin\alpha=4^2\times sin30^{\circ}=16\times \frac{1}{2}=8\ cm^2\)

 

Example Question #291 : Isee Upper Level (Grades 9 12) Mathematics Achievement

Find the area of a rhombus with one diagonal having a length of 12in and the other having a length two times the first diagonal.  

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 100\text{in}^2\)

\(\displaystyle 288\text{in}^2\)

\(\displaystyle 144\text{in}^2\)

\(\displaystyle 121\text{in}^2\)

\(\displaystyle 48\text{in}^2\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 144\text{in}^2\)

Explanation:

To find the area of a rhombus, we will use the following formula:

\(\displaystyle A = \frac{pq}{2}\)

where p and q are the lengths of the diagonals of the rhombus.

 

Now, we know one diagonal has a length of 12in.  We also know the other diagonal is two times the first diagonal.  Therefore, the second diagonal is 24in.

Knowing this, we can substitute into the formula.  We get

 

\(\displaystyle A = \frac{12\text{in} \cdot 24\text{in}}{2}\)

 

\(\displaystyle A = \frac{288\text{in}^2}{2}\)

 

\(\displaystyle A = 144\text{in}^2\)

Example Question #2 : Rhombuses

A rhombus has a perimeter of \(\displaystyle 36\ in\). Give the side length of the rhombus.

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 12\ in\)

\(\displaystyle 8\ in\)

\(\displaystyle 6\ in\)

\(\displaystyle 9\ in\)

\(\displaystyle 10\ in\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 9\ in\)

Explanation:

Like any polygon, the perimeter of the rhombus is the total distance around the outside, which can be found by adding together the length of each side. In the case of a rhombus, all four sides have the same length, i.e.

\(\displaystyle Perimeter=4a\),

where \(\displaystyle a\) is the length of each side. 

\(\displaystyle Perimeter=4a\Rightarrow 36=4a\Rightarrow a=9\ in\)

Example Question #1 : Rhombuses

A rhombus has the area of \(\displaystyle 9\sqrt{2}\ cm^2\). One of the interior angles is \(\displaystyle 45^{\circ}\). Give the length of each side of the rhombus.

 

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 2\sqrt{2}\ cm\)

\(\displaystyle 3\ cm\)

\(\displaystyle 3\sqrt{2}\ cm\)

\(\displaystyle 2\ cm\)

 

 

\(\displaystyle 3\sqrt{3}\ cm\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 3\sqrt{2}\ cm\)

Explanation:

The area of a rhombus can be determined by the following formula:

\(\displaystyle Area=s^2sin\alpha\),

where \(\displaystyle s\) is the length of any side and \(\displaystyle \alpha\) is any interior angle. 

\(\displaystyle Area=s^2sin\alpha\Rightarrow 9\sqrt{2}=s^2\times sin45^{\circ}\Rightarrow 9\sqrt{2}=s^2 \times \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)

\(\displaystyle \Rightarrow s^2=18\Rightarrow s=\sqrt{18}=\sqrt{9\times 2}=3\sqrt{2}\ cm\)

Example Question #1 : How To Find The Perimeter Of A Rhombus

One side of a rhombus measures 2 yards. Which of the following is equal to the perimeter?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 288 \textrm{ in }\)

\(\displaystyle 12 \textrm{ yd}\)

All of the other choices give the correct perimeter.

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{200} \textrm{ mi}\)

\(\displaystyle 18 \textrm{ ft}\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 288 \textrm{ in }\)

Explanation:

A rhombus has four sides of equal measure, so the perimeter of a rhombus with sidelength 2 yards is \(\displaystyle 2 \times 4 = 8\) yards.

\(\displaystyle 8 \textrm{ yd} = 8 \times 3 = 24 \textrm{ ft} = 24 \times 12 = 288 \textrm{ in}\)

Also, 

\(\displaystyle 8 \textrm{ yd} = 24 \textrm{ ft} =\frac{ 24}{5,280} = \frac{1}{220} \textrm{ mi}\)

The only choice that agrees with any of these measures is 288 inches, the correct choice.

Example Question #292 : Plane Geometry

One side of a rhombus measures \(\displaystyle y + 12\). Give its perimeter in terms of \(\displaystyle y\).

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle y^{2}+ 24y + 144\)

\(\displaystyle 3y + 36\)

\(\displaystyle 4y + 48\)

\(\displaystyle y^{2}+ 12y + 144\)

\(\displaystyle 2y + 24\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 4y + 48\)

Explanation:

A rhombus has four sides of equal measure, so the perimeter of a rhombus with sidelength \(\displaystyle y + 12\) is \(\displaystyle 4 (y + 12) = 4y + 48\).

Example Question #1 : How To Find An Angle In A Rhombus

Consider the rhombus below. Solve for \(\displaystyle x\).

Problem_10

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle x=65\)

\(\displaystyle x=325\)

\(\displaystyle x=35\)

\(\displaystyle x=145\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle x=145\)

Explanation:

The total sum of the interior angles of a quadrilateral is \(\displaystyle 360\) degrees. In this problem, we are only considering half of the interior angles:


\(\displaystyle \frac{360}{2}=180\)

\(\displaystyle 35+x=180\)

\(\displaystyle x=145\)

Example Question #61 : Quadrilaterals

Rhombus

Note: Figure NOT drawn to scale.

The above depicts a rhombus and one of its diagonals. What is \(\displaystyle x\)?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle x = 29\)

\(\displaystyle x = 42\)

\(\displaystyle x = 58\)

\(\displaystyle x = 32\)

\(\displaystyle x = 48\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle x = 29\)

Explanation:

The diagonals of a rhombus bisect the angles.

The angle bisected must be supplementary to the \(\displaystyle 122^{\circ }\) angle since they are consecutive angles of a parallelogram; therefore, that angle has measure \(\displaystyle \left (180 - 122 \right ) ^{\circ } = 58^{\circ }\), and \(\displaystyle x\) is half that, or \(\displaystyle 29^{\circ }\).

Example Question #1 : How To Find The Area Of A Rectangle

A rectangle on the coordinate plane has its vertices at the points \(\displaystyle (3,4), (-6,4), (-6,-2), (3,-2)\).

What percent of the rectangle is located in Quadrant I?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 44 \frac{4}{9} \%\)

\(\displaystyle 33 \frac{1}{3} \%\)

\(\displaystyle 25 \%\)

\(\displaystyle 11 \frac{1}{9} \%\)

\(\displaystyle 22 \frac{2}{9} \%\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 22 \frac{2}{9} \%\)

Explanation:

The total area of the rectangle is

\(\displaystyle \left [ 3- (-6) \right ] \times\left [ 4- (-2) \right ] = 9 \times 6 = 54\).

The area of the portion of the rectangle in Quadrant I is 

\(\displaystyle \left ( 3- 0 \right ) \times\left ( 4- 0 \right) = 3 \times 4 = 12\).

Therefore, the portion of the rectangle in Quadrant I is

 \(\displaystyle \frac{12}{54} = \frac{2}{9} = \frac{2}{9} \times 100 \% = 22 \frac{2}{9} \%\).

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