NCLEX : Developmental Biology
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Example Question #11 : Developmental Biology
Which of the following tissue types is derived from the ectoderm?
Teeth
Skin, hair, and nails
All of these are correct
Nervous tissue
All of these are correct
The ectoderm is the outer-most germ layer of a developing fetus. It forms the nervous system, teeth, skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, mouth, and anus.
Example Question #101 : General Biology
Which of the following tissue types is not derived from the mesoderm?
Red blood cells
Muscle cells
Thyroid
Pericardium
Thyroid
The mesoderm forms skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, connective tissue, the pericardium (in addition to several other membranous sacs such as the peritoneum) and red blood cells. It also gives rise to cartilage and bone, the dura mater, the kidneys, and the adrenal glands.
The thyroid is derived from the endoderm.
Example Question #102 : General Biology
Which of the following medications is known to have teratogenic effects?
Warfarin
Isotretinoin
All of these
ACE inhibitors
All of these
Multiple forms and classes of medication have been shown to cause birth defects. These include ACE inhibitors, anti-epileptics such as phenytoin and valproic acid, isotretinoin and other forms of high-dose vitamin A, and blood thinners such as warfarin, among others.
Example Question #102 : General Biology
Fertilization generally occurs in what location?
In the body of the uterus
In the fimbrae
In the fundus of the uterus
The distal two-thirds of the fallopian tube
The distal two-thirds of the fallopian tube
Fertilization happens in the fallopian tube, most frequently in the distal two-thirds of the tube.
Example Question #411 : Nclex
__________ is the fetal structure that allows approximately 20-30% of blood to bypass the liver and flow from the umbilical vein to the vena cava.
The foramen ovale
The ductus arteriosus
The ductus venosus
The umbilical vein
The ductus venosus
The ductus venosus is a small shunt that allows a portion of fetal blood to bypass the liver and flow from the umbilical vein to the vena cava. This allows more oxygenated blood to be available for the developing fetal brain.
The ductus arteriosus and foramen ovale are both fetal cardiac shunts.
Example Question #412 : Nclex
The placenta secretes all of the following hormones except __________.
Aldosterone
Human placental lactogen (hPL)
Human chorionic gondotropin (hCG)
Estrogen
Aldosterone
The human placenta secretes estrogen, progesterone, human chorionic gondotropin (hCG), and human placental lactogen (hPL). Aldosterone is produced by the adrenal gland.
Example Question #413 : Nclex
The initial single-celled fertilized egg is known as the __________.
zygote
blastocyst
morula
embryo
zygote
A zygote is a eukaryotic cell formed by a the joining of two gametes (sperm and egg). The zygote then goes on to divide several times till it forms a small clump of cells termed a morula. The next stage is the formation of a blastocyst, which is the final stage before development into an embryo.
Example Question #111 : General Biology
An embryo implants __________ days after ovulation.
5-7
10-12
1-5
7-10
7-10
The zygote has developed into an embryo and reached the uterus by day 5 and will generally implant on day 7-10 after ovulation.
Example Question #414 : Nclex
The majority of first trimester miscarriages are due to __________.
None of these
lifting heavy objects
chromosomal abnormalities
exercise
chromosomal abnormalities
The most common cause of first trimester miscarriage is chromosomal abnormalities. These can occur in as many as 1 in 4 pregnancies, and cause the developing embryo issues that are not compatible with life.
Lifting heavy objects and exercise are NOT generally responsible for triggering miscarriage (though they could potentially trigger a miscarriage in individuals with underlying conditions or other risk factors).
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