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Flashcards: New SAT Reading

The following graph displays, for several major categories of public transportation, the share of total trips taken via public transportation in the United States over a year.

Screen shot 2020 09 29 at 11.09.45 am

What statement is best supported by the data in the figure above?

More people travel via paratransit than via ferry.

Over half of all users of public transportation are bus riders.

45% of all miles traveled on public transportation are traveled by rail of some kind.

Over 40% of all public transportation trips are taken by rail of some kind.

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Flashcards: New SAT Reading

The following graph displays, for several major categories of public transportation, the share of total trips taken via public transportation in the United States over a year.

Screen shot 2020 09 29 at 11.09.45 am

What statement is best supported by the data in the figure above?

Your answer:

More people travel via paratransit than via ferry.

Your answer:

Over half of all users of public transportation are bus riders.

Your answer:

45% of all miles traveled on public transportation are traveled by rail of some kind.

Correct answer:

Over 40% of all public transportation trips are taken by rail of some kind.

Explanation:

Perhaps the easiest way to miss a graph-based question is to answer based only on the image without consideration of the words that accompany it. So make sure you always take note of what, specifically, the graph is displaying. Here it’s the percentages of trips taken, which is critical. It may seem convincing that “Over half of all users of public transportation are bus riders” at first (“more than half” certainly applies to “bus”), but the units matter! You can’t conclude that more than half of all users are bus riders, just that more than half of all trips taken were by bus. Suppose, for example, that people who take the bus take it twice per day, but people who use heavy rail only use it once per week. Each user of the bus would then take 10 trips for every one trip that a heavy rail user takes, and in that case, you’d need a lot more heavy rail users than bus users to have 35% of all trips be taken by heavy rail. “45% of all miles traveled on public transportation are traveled by rail of some kind” is also incorrect, because we’re once again facing a units problem. You don’t know about the percentage of miles traveled via each public transportation service; you only know about the percentage of trips taken. “More people travel via paratransit than via ferry” makes the same mistake: it draws a conclusion about the percentage of people when the information you have is about the percentage of trips taken. This leaves us with our correct answer: “Over 40% of all public transportation trips are taken by rail of some kind.” This option correctly makes an inference about the percentage of trips taken, and if you check the actual numbers you’ll see that the three categories of rail add up to 45% of all trips taken. Therefore, it is true that rail accounts for more than 40% of all trips taken.

Flashcards: New SAT Reading

Passage 2 is adapted from Benjamin Rush, "Thoughts upon Female Education". Originally published 1787.

To you, young ladies, an important problem is committed for solution: whether our present plan of education be a wise one and whether it be calculated to prepare you for the duties of social and domestic life. I know that the elevation of the female mind, by means of moral, physical, and religious truth, is considered by some men as unfriendly to the domestic character of a woman. But this is the prejudice of little minds and springs from the same spirit which opposes the general diffusion of knowledge among the citizens of our republics.If men believe that ignorance is favorable to the government of the female sex, they are certainly deceived, for a weak and ignorant woman will always be governed with the greatest difficulty. It will be in your power ladies, to correct the mistakes and practice of our sex upon these subjects by demonstrating that the female temper can only be governed by reason and that the cultivation of reason in women is alike friendly to the order of nature and to private as well as public happiness.

As used in the highlighted line, “reason” most nearly means

knowledge.

practicality.

justification.

sanity.

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Flashcards: New SAT Reading

As used in the highlighted line, “reason” most nearly means

Your answer:

practicality.

Your answer:

justification.

Your answer:

sanity.

Correct answer:

knowledge.

Explanation:

For any vocabulary in context question, look to find the context of the sentence first and then determine which answer choice best completes the thought being expressed in the sentence. In this case, Rush states that women can only be controlled by reason and that the "cultivation of reason" is good for public happiness. Since the entire passage is about women's education, it is logical to assume that Rush is arguing for the cultivation of women's education. Based on this information, the only logical answer is, "knowledge." "Justification" and "practicality" don't fit because they don't refer to education, and "sanity" doesn't fit because it is too literal - while Rush may argue that sanity is good for education, his focus here is on the education itself, not on whether its subjects are sane.

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