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Flashcards: Grammar: Modifiers and Sentence Construction

Ecosystems are made of a complex system of energy and nutrient transfers from one organism to another. Some of these transfers are in the form of predation - one organism eating another – while others are in the form of ecosystem engineering, an organism changing the environment around them. One major form of ecosystem engineering is niche creation. Niche creation is the process of an organism changing their environment to create a competitive advantage. In order for an organism to be considered as creating a niche, three things must be true: the organism must significantly modify their environment, those changes must affect other organisms’ survival, and those changes must lead to an evolutionary response in another organism.

What is the most effective way to combine the two underlined sentences at the underlined portion?

creation, processing

creation, the process of

creation – the process through which

creation, which is the process by which

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Flashcards: Grammar: Modifiers and Sentence Construction

What is the most effective way to combine the two underlined sentences at the underlined portion?

Your answer:

creation, processing

Your answer:

creation – the process through which

Your answer:

creation, which is the process by which

Correct answer:

creation, the process of

Explanation:

When you are asked the best way to combine two sentences, remember that the way the sentence is given is technically correct, and that you are looking for an option that is both grammatically correct and is concise. Option "creation, the process of" is the only option that is both. Choice "creation, processing" is illogical since it implies that niche creation itself is changing the organism. Choices "creation, which is the process by which" and "creation – the process through which" are redundant and wordy. Since "creation, the process of" is both concise and grammatically correct, it is an effective way to combine the sentences.

Flashcards: Grammar: Modifiers and Sentence Construction

[1] The job of CRM archaeologists is to identify the potential cultural significance of a site and then document and preserve any artifacts of historical or cultural significance. [2] The surplus of people who want to work in archaeology has meant that the majority of archaeologists aren’t employed by universities or museums, but by construction companies and the government. [3] Most archaeology positions in today’s economy are for what are referred to as a “cultural resource management” archaeologists, or CRM archaeologists, who are often involved in building projects as representatives of the 1 state, Native American tribes, and historical societies. [4] While part of this analysis might involve starting a dig at the site in question to find relevant artifacts, much of this research process requires CRM archaeologists to consult historical records and talk to members of the community where the building process has been proposed.

state; Native American tribes;

NO CHANGE

state; Native American tribes,

state, Native American tribes;

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Flashcards: Grammar: Modifiers and Sentence Construction

Your answer:

state; Native American tribes;

Your answer:

state; Native American tribes,

Your answer:

state, Native American tribes;

Correct answer:

NO CHANGE

Explanation:

Whenever you are writing a list of three or more items, you generally will need to separate each item in the list with a comma. (Note that the SAT doesn't test the Oxford comma, so you don't need to worry about whether you need a comma before the "and" in any list.) The exception to this rule is if you have a complex list, especially one containing commas in the individual items. In that case, you can choose to instead separate each item with a semicolon. No matter which you use, however, the key is that you remain consistent. Since this isn't a complex list, the semicolon isn't allowed - each item in the list would be comprehensible with only a comma. This allows you to eliminate "state; Native American tribes;". And since " state; Native American tribes," and " state, Native American tribes;" mix the use of a semicolon and comma, you can also eliminate both of those since you must have consistency within the list. Only as it is written (NO CHANGE) correctly uses commas to separate each item in the list.

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Flashcards: Grammar: Modifiers and Sentence Construction

Flashcards: Grammar: Modifiers and Sentence Construction

Flashcards: Grammar: Modifiers and Sentence Construction

Flashcards: Grammar: Modifiers and Sentence Construction

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