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AP Chemistry : Reaction Types

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Example Questions

Example Question #91 : Reaction Types

Put the following acids in order of their DECREASING acid strength: HOCl, HO₂Cl, HO₃Cl, HO₄Cl.

Possible Answers:

HO₄Cl, HOCl, HO₂Cl, HO₃Cl

HO₄Cl, HO₃Cl, HO₂Cl, HOCl

HOCL, HO₂Cl, HO₃Cl, HO₄Cl

HOCl, HO₄Cl, HO₂Cl, HO₃Cl

HO₂Cl, HOCl, HO₃Cl, HO₄Cl

Correct answer:

HOCL, HO₂Cl, HO₃Cl, HO₄Cl

Explanation:

For an oxyacid, the acid strength increases as the number of oxygens increase.

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Example Question #92 : Reaction Types

Put the following in order of INCREASING acid strength: H₂Se, KH, AsH₃, HBr.

Possible Answers:

KH, AsH₃, H₂Se, HBr

KH, H₂Se, AsH₃, HBr

HBr, H₂Se, AsH₃, KH

AsH₃, H₂Se, HBr, KH

AsH₃, H₂Se, KH, HBr

Correct answer:

KH, AsH₃, H₂Se, HBr

Explanation:

Acid strength increases going across a period.

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Example Question #91 : Reaction Types

If you have a solution that consist of a weak monoprotic acid (HA), with a pKA of 5.3 and a pH of 3.2, what is the predominant species present?

Possible Answers:

H3O⁺

Equal amounts of acid and conjugate base are present.

H₂A⁺

A^-

Correct answer:

Explanation:

Since pH < pKa the undissociated acid is the predominant form.

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Example Question #92 : Reaction Types

If you have a solution that consists of a monoprotic acid (HA), with a pKa of 4.1 and at a pH of 5.8, what is the predominant species present?

Possible Answers:

Equal amounts of acid and conjugate base are present.

H3O⁺

H₂A⁺

A^-

Correct answer:

A^-

Explanation:

Since pH > pKA, the deprotonated form of the acid is predominant.

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Example Question #93 : Reaction Types

Carbonic acid as a pKa1 = 6.35 and a pKa2=10.33. If the pH is 3.52, what is the predominant species present.

Possible Answers:

CO₃^2-

Can not be determined.

HCO₃^-

H3O⁺

H₂CO₃

Correct answer:

H₂CO₃

Explanation:

Since pH < pKa1, the undissociated form of carbonic acid (H₂CO₃) is predominant.

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Example Question #94 : Reaction Types

Sulphurous acid (H₂SO₃) has a pKa1 = 1.92 and a pKa2 = 7.18, if the pH = 5.3, what is the predominant species present?

Possible Answers:

HSO₃^-

H₂SO₃

Can not be determined

H3O⁺

SO₃^2-

Correct answer:

HSO₃^-

Explanation:

Since pH > pKa1 but pH < pKa2 the predominant form is one with a single hydrogen dissociated.

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Example Question #95 : Reaction Types

Phosphoric acid has a pKa1 = 2.15, a pKa2 = 7.20, and a pKa3 = 12.35. If the pH = 13.0, what is the predominant species present?

Possible Answers:

HPO₄^2-

Can not be determined

H₃PO₄

H₂PO₄^-

PO₄^3-

Correct answer:

PO₄^3-

Explanation:

Since pH > pKa1, pKa2, and pKa3 the predominant form of the acid is the fully deprotonated form.

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Example Question #1 : P H And Poh Of Strong Acids And Bases

Which of the following is a Lewis base?

Possible Answers:

B₂H₆

Me₃B

NH₃

BF₃

Correct answer:

NH₃

Explanation:

NH₃ should be the clear correct choice, since it is the only one having a pair of electrons that are available. The rest of the answer choices are all Lewis acids.

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Example Question #2 : P H And Poh Of Strong Acids And Bases

What is the defining characteristic of Bronsted-Lowry bases?

Possible Answers:

Proton (H+) acceptor

Proton (H+) donor

Dissociates in solution to give the OH– ion

Electron pair acceptor

Dissociates in solution to give the H+ ion

Correct answer:

Proton (H+) acceptor

Explanation:

The definition of a Bronsted-Lowry base is a species that has the ability to gain, or accept a proton (H+). Dissociating in solution is part of the Arrhenius definition of acids and bases, and Lewis acid are electron pair acceptors.

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Example Question #3 : P H And Poh Of Strong Acids And Bases

Which of the following can act as a Lewis base?

Possible Answers:

CH₃COOH

NH₂NH₂

BF₃

Correct answer:

NH₂NH₂

Explanation:

A Lewis base is an electron-pair donor. N atoms have a valence of 5, and in the NH₂NH₂ compound, it is only bonded to another N atom and 2 H, so it's only using 3 of its 5 valence electrons to form these bonds. Thus, each nitrogen has a pair of unbonded electrons and can act as a Lewis base.

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AP Chemistry : Reaction Types

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for AP Chemistry

All AP Chemistry Resources

Example Questions

Example Question #91 : Reaction Types

Example Question #92 : Reaction Types

Example Question #91 : Reaction Types

Example Question #92 : Reaction Types

Example Question #93 : Reaction Types

Example Question #94 : Reaction Types

Example Question #95 : Reaction Types

Example Question #1 : P H And Poh Of Strong Acids And Bases

Example Question #2 : P H And Poh Of Strong Acids And Bases

Example Question #3 : P H And Poh Of Strong Acids And Bases

All AP Chemistry Resources

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