All AP Human Geography Resources
Example Questions
Example Question #111 : Political Organization Of Space
There are many conflicts in the world today caused by ethnic competition. Many wars and acts of terrorism are labeled as an "Ethnic Cleansing" or a "Genocide". Sometimes these two terms are mistaken to mean the same thing although they are not always the same.
How is a "Genocide" is different from an "Ethnic Cleansing"?
A "Genocide" must number more than 1 million deaths but an "Ethnic Cleansing" does not have to reach any particular death toll quota.
An "Ethnic Cleansing" can be used in reference to the Holocaust of WWII as the Jewish ethnicity was attacked, but the term "Genocide" can not be applied to this historic event because it does not specify the ethnic conflict.
None of these correctly differentiates between "Ethnic Cleansing" and "Genocide."
An "Ethnic Cleansing" refers to a war caused only by a racial bias while a "Genocide" can be in reference to any act of violence due to any genre of biases.
A "Genocide" can include mass killings for reasons other than ethnicity while an "Ethnic Cleansing" is a mass killing solely based on ethnic conflict.
A "Genocide" can include mass killings for reasons other than ethnicity while an "Ethnic Cleansing" is a mass killing solely based on ethnic conflict.
Both terms refer to an event in which there was a mass killing and both can be in relation to an ethnic conflict. However, the term "Ethnic Cleansing" is more specific than the term "Genocide". An "Ethnic Cleansing" is when a people group commits mass expulsion or mass killing of a particular ethnic group whom they do not want to exist either in a particular region or in the world as a whole. A "Genocide" can be an "Ethnic Cleansing" but it can also be a mass killing for reasons other than ethnicity. A "Genocide" can refer to a people group committing a mass killing of people within their same ethnicity which is not considered ethnic conflict but a different type of conflict such as religious conflict or perhaps economic conflict.
Here is an explanation how each of the incorrect answers are incorrect:
1.) There is no statistic that makes the difference between labeling a mass killing event as a "Genocide" or "Ethnic Cleansing". Both have a high death toll.
2.) Ethnicity and Race are not interchangeable terms. Ethnicity is someone's ethnic background, i.e. where their ethnic heritage is from. We often group that with a nationality, although that is also a slightly different term. Race, on the other hand, means the color of your skin. You may have the same color of skin as someone from a different ethnic background, or you can have a different color of skin as someone from the same ethnic background.
3.) Both terms, "Ethnic Cleansing" and "Genocide" can be used to explain the Holocaust of WWII. It can be classified with the more general term of "Genocide" as it was a mass killing. Because about 6 million Jews were killed with the purpose of removing them from a particular region, if not the world as a whole, it can also be more specifically classified as an "Ethnic Cleansing."
Example Question #111 : Political Organization Of Space
Often conflict is brought about by rulers who try to abuse their power. This can happen regardless of whether a ruler was elected, born into royalty, or forcibly took their position. This often happens when an Autocratic government is controling a nation.
What is an Autocratic Government?
A government run by a prime minister who is elected by the people.
A government run by one King who was elected by their constituents.
A government run by a parliament with a ruler who inherited the position through birth.
A government run according to the interests of the ruling class rather than the monarch.
A government run according to the interests of the ruler rather than the people.
A government run according to the interests of the ruler rather than the people.
Autocracies often face political strife due to being run according to the interests of the ruler rather than hearing and fulfilling the needs and desires of the people. Whether the ruler inherits or is elected into their office, they rule in a way that does not cater to the needs of their people.
Here is the explanation for why the incorrect answers are incorrect:
1.) A King is not elected, they inherit the throne.
2.) A government with a Parliament has a process of election in which the Parliament is elected to bring the people's needs and concerns to the governemnt and take them into account.
3.) While a ruling class may have more influence in how a government runs a country, an autocracy does not necessarily favor the ruling class as a whole and sometimes even goes against the interests of that class.
Example Question #1 : Social & Economic Measures Of Development
Which of the following would not be a factor in calculating a nation's Gross Domestic Product (GDP)?
The income made by the nation's farmers
The total amount spent by the nation's consumers
The average wage of a worker in the nation
The total amount of revenue created by companies based in the nation
The revenue the nation generates from taxes
The average wage of a worker in the nation
The gross domestic product is one of the chief ways a nation's economy is judged. As its name implies, the GDP is a total accounting of a nation's output, including all expenditures, revenues, and profits. Any average, like the average wage, plays no part in GDP, because GDP measures a complete output by a nation.
Example Question #2 : Social & Economic Measures Of Development
How does the Gross Domestic Product differ from the Gross National Product?
The Gross National Product takes into account purchasing power; the Gross Domestic Product does not.
The Gross Domestic Product takes into account degradation of natural resources; The Gross National product does not.
The Gross Domestic Product takes into account purchasing power; the Gross National Product does not.
The Gross Domestic Product takes into account foreign investments; the Gross National Product does not.
The Gross National Product takes into account foreign investments; the Gross Domestic Product does not.
The Gross National Product takes into account foreign investments; the Gross Domestic Product does not.
The Gross Domestic Product is very similar to Gross National Product except for one important distinction, the Gross National product takes into account foreign investments, whereas the Gross Domestic Product does not. For this reason most economic geographers consider the Gross National Product to be a slightly more useful statistic than the Gross Domestic Product.
Example Question #1 : Gross Domestic Product
Which of these was created to account for flaws in the Gross National Product?
Human Development Index.
Gross Domestic Product.
All of these answers are correct.
Net National Product.
Purchasing Power Parity.
Purchasing Power Parity.
The statistic of Purchasing Power Parity was created by geographers and economists to account for flaws in the Gross National Product - namely that the Gross National Product does not reflect how far the same amount of money goes in different countries around the world.
Example Question #1 : Gross Domestic Product
Which of these countries eschews Gross National Product in favor of Gross National Happiness?
Seychelles
Thailand
Albania
Bhutan
Niger
Bhutan
Bhutan is a small country in the Himalayan region of Asia that has eschewed the Gross National Product metric in favor of Gross National Happiness. The government contends that countries should be measured by how content and comfortable their citizens are rather than the aggregate sum of their riches, or industrial production.
Example Question #1 : Gross Domestic Product
Most geographers consider Purchasing Power Parity to be a necessary addendum to any analysis of Gross National Product because it __________.
Takes into account how far money goes in individual country's economies
Considers the impact that government policies have on the growth of the economy
Considers the impact that economic growth has on the environment
Takes into account how much of a country’s economic value is derived from speculation
All of these answers are correct
Takes into account how far money goes in individual country's economies
The primary problem with the Gross National Product is that it presents the value of all economies based on the value of the US dollar. It ignores the fact that in different countries varying amounts of goods can be purchased with the same amount of money. For example, a house in New Jersey might cost you several hundred thousand dollars, in Lesotho it might cost you less than a thousand dollars. This basically means that an individual needs to earn less money to buy the same amount of goods. This distinction is reflected in Purchasing Power Parity (PPP).
Example Question #3 : Gross Domestic Product
The monetary value in US dollars of all the goods, services, and investments produced by a country in a year is called __________.
the Gross National Product
the Net Natural Product
the Human Development Index
the Gross Domestic Product
Purchasing Power Parity
the Gross National Product
The Gross National Product is one of the most widely used and quoted statistics in economic geography, particularly in popular parlance. It refers to the total monetary value, in US dollars, of all the goods, services, and investments produced by a country in a year.
Example Question #1 : Gross Domestic Product
Which of these is least strongly correlated with Gross National Product?
Life expectancy
Gender equity
Income
Literacy
None of these are strongly correlated with Gross National Product.
Gender equity
In truth all of these are extremely strongly correlated with Gross National Product. But, income (obviously), life expectancy, and literacy rates are all more strongly correlated than is gender equity. This is because some countries, such as Italy in Europe, much of the Middle East, and Japan score far higher on measures like Gross National Product than they do on gender equity.
Example Question #1 : Social & Economic Measures Of Development
Which of these measurements of economic development takes into account the monetary value of all the goods, services, and investments produced by a country in a year and then subtracts the the value of the loss of natural resources caused by that production?
Gross Domestic Product
Gross National Product
Human Development Index
Purchasing Power Parity
Net Natural Product
Net Natural Product
The Net Natural Product differs quite significantly from the other statistics used to measure relative economic development in a country because it takes into account the loss of natural resource caused by the productivity of the country. As such it is a natural favorite of environmental economic geographers.
Certified Tutor