To "query" someone is to question them, so "question" is the correct answer. To provide further help, “procure” means get or obtain; “implicate” means suggest someone is to be blamed; and “ply” means work or practice. 

The word "endorse" is often used in political seasons when people are running for office. A given newspaper might "endorse" a given candidate, meaning that the paper approves of that candidate and expresses this approval to the readership. Likewise, when someone stops running for office, that person might endorse someone else so as to tell his or her own supporters to vote for the other candidate now.  (This often is done to help support a political party.) Thus, the best option presented here for synonym for the word "endorse" is the word "recommend".

Of the options provided, two of the wrong ones are likely quite tempting. When someone disputes something, he or she is questioning whether or not that thing is true. This is not, however, mere questioning like asking a question of someone about anything whatsoever. A dispute usually indicates an argument. Thus, the options "inquire" and "examine" really do not fit well. The correct answer is "quarrel", which means to disagree often with the added implication of angrily (or at least in a way that is not passive).

The word "advocate" comes from roots that mean to call upon. You likely know the root "-voc-" as found in words like "vocal" or "vocation." An advocate is usually someone who comes to the help of someone else or for a group. Thus, a person might advocate the teaching of philosophy in high school. Such a person would support the arguments made on behalf of philosophy teachers to gain such positions. When used as verb, this means to support in public. Thus, a sentence using the word might be, "Harvey advocated the teaching of logic in high school."

Perhaps you know the word "ratify" from history class. You may talk of the "ratification of the Constitution." This refers to the approval of the Constitution of the United States. When we "ratify" something, we approve or endorse it. By accident, you might think that the word has to do with asserting things or arguing/contending. Do not be tricked like this! Likewise, just because the Constitution was ratified, this does not mean that the best word is "constitute." (It is not too terribly wrong, but still is not as correct as is the option "approve.")

"Castigate" is a verb. To castigate is to reprimand or criticize harshly. Therefore, the best answer is "reprimand." "Praise" is an antonym to "castigate."

"Shriek" means a sharp, high-pitched cry. For example: "When the little boy lost his candy, his shriek could be heard throughout the store." "Screech" also means a sharp, high-pitched cry. These are very directly synonymous words.

If you mimic someone, you imitate them, usually in a mocking fashion. Comedians often mimic other celebrities. Students may do "imitations" of their teachers or parents. A "recitation" is public speech, usually memorized. To "irritate" someone is to annoy them.

The word "cram" has two meanings. It can mean either to stuff into a small area or to study intensively. You can "cram your clothes into a suitcase" or you can "cram all night for a big test." To provide further help, "depict" means draw, represent; "discuss" means talk about; "reflect" means think back about; "improve" means get better.

To "probe" means to carefully examine, to look into. To provide further help, "fret" means to worry.