SSAT Middle Level Math : Geometry

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for SSAT Middle Level Math

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Example Questions

Example Question #1 : Geometry

Give the slope of the line that passes through \(\displaystyle (4,2)\) and \(\displaystyle (-8,-3)\).

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle \frac{5}{12}\)

\(\displaystyle -\frac{5}{2}\)

\(\displaystyle -\frac{2}{5}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{12}{5}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{4}\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle \frac{5}{12}\)

Explanation:

Use the slope formula, substituting \(\displaystyle x_{1}= 4, y_{1}=2,x_{2}= -8, y_{2}=-3\):

\(\displaystyle m =\frac{ y_{2}- y_{1} }{x_{2} - x_{1}}=\frac{ -3-2 }{-8-4} = \frac{ -5 }{-12} = \frac{5 }{12}\)

Example Question #1 : How To Find A Line On A Coordinate Plane

Give the slope of a line that passes through \(\displaystyle (5,5)\) and \(\displaystyle (2,4)\).

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{3}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{3}{4}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{2}{5}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{4}{5}\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{3}\)

Explanation:

Using the slope formula, substituting \(\displaystyle x_{1}=5\)\(\displaystyle x_{2}=2\)\(\displaystyle y_{1}=5\), and \(\displaystyle y_{2}=4\):

\(\displaystyle m=\frac{y_{2}-y_{1}}{x_{2}-x_{1}}\)

\(\displaystyle m=\frac{4-5}{2-5}\)

Subtract to get:

\(\displaystyle m=\frac{-1}{-3}\)

Cancel out the negative signs to get:

\(\displaystyle m=\frac{1}{3}\)

Example Question #2 : How To Find A Line On A Coordinate Plane

Give the slope of a line that passes through \(\displaystyle (-7,4)\) and \(\displaystyle (2,5)\).

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle \frac{3}{8}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{4}{7}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{5}{7}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{9}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{2}{9}\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{9}\)

Explanation:

Using the slope formula with \(\displaystyle x_{1}=-7\)\(\displaystyle x_{2}=2\), \(\displaystyle y_{1}=4\)\(\displaystyle y_{2}=5\):

\(\displaystyle m=\frac{y_{2}-y_{1}}{x_{2}-x_{1}}\)

\(\displaystyle m=\frac{5-4}{2-(-7)}\)

Subtract to get:

\(\displaystyle m=\frac{1}{9}\) 

Example Question #3 : How To Find A Line On A Coordinate Plane

Give the slope of the line that passes through \(\displaystyle (-5,3)\) and \(\displaystyle (1,9)\).

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 1\)

\(\displaystyle -\frac{1}{2}\)

\(\displaystyle -\frac{3}{4}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{3}{2}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 1\)

Explanation:

Using the slope formula for 

\(\displaystyle x_{1}=-5\)\(\displaystyle x_{2}=1\)\(\displaystyle y_{1}=3\), and \(\displaystyle y_{2}=9\):

\(\displaystyle m=\frac{y_{2}-y_{1}}{x_{2}-x_{1}}\)

\(\displaystyle m=\frac{9-3}{1-(-5)}\)

Combine the negative signs to get:

\(\displaystyle m=\frac{9-3}{1+5}\)

Subtract and add to get:

\(\displaystyle m=\frac{6}{6}\)

Reduce to get:

\(\displaystyle m=1\)

Example Question #1 : Geometry

Give the slope of a line that passes through \(\displaystyle (4,7)\) and \(\displaystyle (2,3)\).

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle -\frac{1}{2}\)

\(\displaystyle -2\)

\(\displaystyle 2\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{3}{7}\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 2\)

Explanation:

Using the slope formula, where \(\displaystyle m\) is the slope, \(\displaystyle (x_{1},y_{1})=\) \(\displaystyle (4,7)\), and \(\displaystyle (x_{2},y_{2})=\) \(\displaystyle (2,3)\):

\(\displaystyle m=\frac{y_{2}-y_{1}}{x_{2}-x_{1}}\)

\(\displaystyle m=\frac{3-7}{2-4}\)

\(\displaystyle m=\frac{-4}{-2}\)

\(\displaystyle m=2\)

Example Question #1 : Coordinate Geometry

Find the slope of the line that passes through the points \(\displaystyle (5,-4)\) and \(\displaystyle (-5,-4)\)

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 0\)

\(\displaystyle 1\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{4}{5}\)

\(\displaystyle -1\)

Cannot be determined

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 0\)

Explanation:

Using the slope formula, where \(\displaystyle m\) is the slope, \(\displaystyle (x_{1},y_{1})=\) \(\displaystyle (5,-4)\), and \(\displaystyle (x_{2},y_{2})=\) \(\displaystyle (-5,-4)\) :

\(\displaystyle m=\frac{y_{2}-y_{1}}{x_{2}-x_{1}}\)

\(\displaystyle m=\frac{-4-(-4)}{-5-5}\)

\(\displaystyle m=\frac{-4+4}{-10}\)

\(\displaystyle m=\frac{0}{-10}\)

\(\displaystyle m=0\)

 

Example Question #2 : How To Find A Line On A Coordinate Plane

Find the slope of a line with points \(\displaystyle (-1,0)\) and \(\displaystyle (-10, 5)\).

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle -\frac{5}{9}\)

Cannot be determined

\(\displaystyle \frac{9}{5}\)

\(\displaystyle -\frac{9}{5}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{5}9 {}\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle -\frac{5}{9}\)

Explanation:

Using the slope formula, where \(\displaystyle m\) is the slope, \(\displaystyle (x_{1},y_{1})=\) \(\displaystyle (-1,0)\), and \(\displaystyle (x_{2},y_{2})=\) \(\displaystyle (-10, 5)\) :

\(\displaystyle m=\frac{y_{2}-y_{1}}{x_{2}-x_{1}}\)

\(\displaystyle m=\frac{5-0}{-10-(-1)}\)

\(\displaystyle m=\frac{5}{-10+1}\)

\(\displaystyle m=-\frac{5}{9}\)

Example Question #1 : How To Find A Line On A Coordinate Plane

Billy set up a ramp for his toy cars. He did this by taking a wooden plank and putting one end on top of a brick that was 3 inches high. He then put the other end on top of a box that was 9 inches high. The bricks were 18 inches apart. What is the slope of the plank?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle \frac{3}{18}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{3}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{5}{9}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{18}\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{3}\)

Explanation:

The value of the slope (m) is rise over run, and can be calculated with the formula below:

\(\displaystyle m = \frac{y_{2}-y_{1}}{x_{2}-x_{1}}\)

The coordinates of the first end of the plank would be (0,3), given that this is the starting point of the plank (so x would be 0), and y would be 3 since the brick is 3 inches tall. 

The coordinates of the second end of the plank would be (18,9) since the plank is 18 inches long (so x would be 18) and y would be 9 since the box was 9 inches tall at the other end. 

From this information we know that we can assign the following coordinates for the equation:

\(\displaystyle \left(x_{1},y_{1}\right) = (0,3)\) and \(\displaystyle (x_{2}, y_{2})= (18,9)\)

Below is the solution we would get from plugging this information into the equation for slope:

\(\displaystyle m = \frac{9-3}{18-0}}\)

This reduces to \(\displaystyle \frac{6}{18} =\frac{1}{3}\)

 

Example Question #2 : Geometry

Triangle2

Find the area of the above triangle, given that it has a height of 12 and a base of 10. 

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 120 \text{ square units}\)

\(\displaystyle 22 \text{ square units}\)

\(\displaystyle 60\text{ square units}\)

\(\displaystyle 44 \text{ square units}\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 60\text{ square units}\)

Explanation:

Because this is a right triangle, the area formula is simply:

 \(\displaystyle A = \frac{base \times height}{2}\)

 

Thus, the solution is:

\(\displaystyle A = \frac{10 \times 12}{2} = \frac{120}{2} = 60 \text{ square units}\)

Example Question #1 : How To Find A Triangle On A Coordinate Plane

Triangle6

Given the above triangle is an equilateral triangle, find the perimeter in units as drawn in the coordinate system.

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 12\)

\(\displaystyle 14\)

\(\displaystyle 8\)

\(\displaystyle 18\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 18\)

Explanation:

Using the coordinate system, one can see the base of the triangle is 6 units in length. Since it is an equilateral triangle, the other two sides must also be 6 units each in length. Therefore the perimeter is:

\(\displaystyle P = a + b + c = 6 + 6 + 6 = 18\)

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